1.
Effects of Colloidal Oatmeal Topical Atopic Dermatitis Cream on Skin Microbiome and Skin Barrier Properties.
Capone, K, Kirchner, F, Klein, SL, Tierney, NK
Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD. 2020;(5):524-531
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is characterized by dry, itchy, inflamed skin with a dysbiotic microbiome. In this clinical study (NCT03673059), we compared the effects of an eczema cream containing 1% colloidal oat and a standard moisturizer on the skin microbiome and skin barrier function of patients with mild to moderate eczema. Patients were randomly assigned to treatment with 1% colloidal oat eczema cream or a standard, non-fragranced daily moisturizer. Treatment lasted 14 days, followed by a 7-day regression period. Of 61 patients who completed the study, 30 received the 1% colloidal oat eczema cream and 31 received the standard moisturizer. At 14 days, the 1% colloidal oat eczema cream reduced mean Eczema Area Severity Index and Atopic Dermatitis Severity Index scores by 51% and 54%, respectively. Unlike treatment with the standard moisturizer, treatment with the 1% colloidal oat eczema cream was associated with trends towards lower prevalence of Staphylococcus species and higher microbiome diversity at lesion sites. The 1% colloidal oat eczema cream significantly improved skin pH, skin barrier function, and skin hydration from baseline to day 14, whereas the standard moisturizer improved hydration. Overall, the results demonstrate that topical products can have differing effects on the skin barrier properties and the microbiome. Importantly, we show that the use of a 1% colloidal oat eczema cream improves microbiome composition and significantly repairs skin barrier defects. J Drugs Dermatol. 2020;19(5): doi:10.36849/JDD.2020.4924.
2.
Effect of an α-lactalbumin-enriched infant formula supplemented with oligofructose on fecal microbiota, stool characteristics, and hydration status: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.
Wernimont, S, Northington, R, Kullen, MJ, Yao, M, Bettler, J
Clinical pediatrics. 2015;(4):359-70
Abstract
AIMS: To evaluate the impact of oligofructose (OF)-supplemented infant formula on fecal microbiota, stool characteristics, and hydration. METHODS Ninety-five formula-fed infants were randomized to α-lactalbumin-enriched control formula (CF) or identical formula with 3.0 g/L OF (EF) for 8 weeks; 50 infants fed human milk (HM) were included. RESULTS Eighty-four infants completed the study, 70 met per-protocol criteria. Over 8 weeks, bifidobacteria increased more in EF than CF group (0.70 vs. 0.16 log10 bacterial counts/g dry feces, P = .008); EF was not significantly different from HM group (P = .32). EF group stool consistency was intermediate between CF and HM groups; at week 8, EF group had softer stools than CF (5-point scale: 1 = hard, 5 = watery; consistency score 3.46 vs. 2.82, P = .015) without significant differences in stool frequency. Physician-assessed hydration status was normal for all infants. CONCLUSIONS Infant formula with 3.0 g/L OF promoted bifidobacteria growth and softer stools without adversely affecting stool frequency or hydration.
3.
Gut microbiota metabolites of dietary lignans and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective investigation in two cohorts of U.S. women.
Sun, Q, Wedick, NM, Pan, A, Townsend, MK, Cassidy, A, Franke, AA, Rimm, EB, Hu, FB, van Dam, RM
Diabetes care. 2014;(5):1287-95
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine urinary levels of enterolactone and enterodiol, intestinal microbial metabolites of dietary lignans, in relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Urinary concentrations of the lignan metabolites were assayed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry among 1,107 T2D and 1,107 control subjects in a nested case-control study conducted in participants from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. Subjects were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at urine sample collection in 1995-2001. Incident self-reported T2D cases identified through 2008 were confirmed with a validated questionnaire. RESULTS In both cohorts, T2D subjects had significantly lower concentrations of both enterolactone and enterodiol than control subjects. After multivariate adjustment for lifestyle and dietary risk factors of T2D, urinary concentrations of enterolactone were significantly associated with a lower risk of T2D (pooled odds ratio [OR] comparing the extreme quartiles 0.62 [95% CI 0.44, 0.88], P for trend = 0.003). Higher urinary concentrations of enterodiol were also marginally significantly associated with a lower T2D risk (pooled OR comparing extreme quartiles 0.67 [95% CI 0.48, 0.96], P for trend = 0.08). When concentrations of both metabolites were combined to reflect total lignan intake, the OR was 0.70 (95% CI 0.53, 0.92) for each SD increment of total lignan metabolites. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that lignan metabolites, especially enterolactone, are associated with a lower risk of T2D in U.S. women. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and to explore potential mechanisms underlying the observed association.