0
selected
-
1.
Vitamin D status in women with dichorionic twin pregnancies and their neonates: a pilot study in China.
Li, X, Yu, J, Wen, L, Li, Q, Yan, J, Tian, J, Tong, C, Tong, Q, Qi, H, Saffery, R, et al
BMC pregnancy and childbirth. 2021;(1):279
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health issue in women and children and is associated with adverse impacts on child growth, such as rickets. However, prior studies have mainly focused on measuring vitamin D levels in singleton pregnant women and their offspring, and very limited studies have revealed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in twin pregnant women and their offspring. The aim of this study was to investigate vitamin D levels in twin-pregnant women and their neonates. We also explored the correlation of maternal vitamin D levels with neonatal outcomes and infant growth. METHODS A prospective subcohort investigation was carried out among 72 dichorionic, diamniotic twin-pregnant mothers and their twin offspring from the Longitudinal Twin Study. Peripheral blood was collected from the mothers in the third trimester, and cord blood was collected from neonates at birth to identify 25[OH]D levels. Data on the characteristics of the mothers and neonates were collected. Infant growth data and food sensitivities were also collected. RESULTS The average maternal 25[OH]D level was 31.78 ng/mL, with 19.4% being deficient and 20.8% insufficient, while the average neonatal 25[OH]D level was 15.37 ng/mL, with 99.3% being deficiency or insufficient. A positive correlation was found between maternal and neonatal 25[OH]D levels (beta-value: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.49). Interestingly, the higher the maternal 25[OH]D level was, the smaller the cotwin birthweight discordance (beta-value: -2.67, 95% CI: - 5.11, - 0.23). In addition, the infants of mothers with vitamin D deficiency were more likely to be allergic to foods at 6 months than those of mothers with vitamin D sufficiency. CONCLUSIONS Twin neonates were at high risk of vitamin D deficiency, although their mothers' vitamin D deficiency partially improved. Higher maternal vitamin D levels were associated with smaller discordance of cotwin birthweight. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-OOC-16008203 , 1st April 2016.
-
2.
Near-infrared spectroscopy is a promising noninvasive technique for monitoring the effects of feeding regimens on the cerebral and splanchnic regions.
Grometto, A, Pizzo, B, Strozzi, MC, Gazzolo, F, Gazzolo, D
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). 2018;(2):234-239
Abstract
AIM: The effects of different milk and, or, administration regimens on cerebro-splanchnic perfusion are still a matter of debate. We investigated the effects of the bolus administration of breast milk or formula on cerebro-splanchnic oximetry, function and perfusion, assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). METHODS This observational study of 30 infants fed with breast (n = 15) or formula (n = 15) milk, and matched for gestational age and birth weight, was carried out in the neonatal intensive care unit of the C Arrigo Children's Hospital, Alessandria, Italy, a tertiary-level referral centre, from October 2015 to December 2016. NIRS monitoring parameters, such as cerebral and splanchnic oximetry, fraction of tissue oxygen extraction and the cerebral-splanchnic ratio, were recorded before, during and after feeding. RESULTS Breast milk led to a significant increase in cerebro-splanchnic oximetry and tissue oxygen extraction (p < 0.001) during and after feeding, and the cerebro-splanchnic perfusion ratio was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the breast than formula group. CONCLUSION Our study results suggest that breast milk was better tolerated than formula, requiring lower energy expenditure and lower cerebro-splanchnic haemodynamic redistribution. The findings could prompt investigations using NIRS as a promising noninvasive tool for cerebral and splanchnic longitudinal monitoring during neonatal feeding.
-
3.
Impact of maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy on neonatal body composition: A cross-sectional study.
Pacce, S, Saure, C, Mazza, CS, Garcia, S, Tomzig, RG, Lopez, AP, Ribarola, L, Krochick, GA
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2016;(1 Suppl 1):S7-S12
Abstract
BACKGROUND The existence of early factors which, acting during critical periods of intrauterine or immediate postnatal development, determine long-term health has become increasingly recognized. Both high and low birth weight have been associated with cardiovascular risk factors in adulthood. Therefore, body composition at birth rather than birth weight may be a marker to predict future diseases. Maternal weight previous to and gained during pregnancy is associated with intrauterine fetal growth. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation between maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy and neonatal body composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied consecutive mother-child pairs at delivery at an Argentinean public hospital during 5 months period, evaluating maternal and neonatal anthropometry before 24h of life as well as the history of the mother before and during pregnancy. Neonatal body composition was calculated according to a mathematical formula based on skinfold thickness measurement validated in newborns. RESULTS Mothers of newborns with high body fat mass were more frequently obese (72.7% versus 35.1%, p 0.005), and more frequently showed weight gain above 18kg during pregnancy (76.4% versus 31%, p 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm the hypothesis that maternal obesity before pregnancy is highly correlated with neonatal fat mass in the first hours of life.
-
4.
Metabolomic profile of term infants of gestational diabetic mothers.
Dani, C, Bresci, C, Berti, E, Ottanelli, S, Mello, G, Mecacci, F, Breschi, R, Hu, X, Tenori, L, Luchinat, C
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians. 2014;(6):537-42
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal diabetes increases the risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity, but the maintenance of antenatal normal glucose serum prevents the majority of neonatal complications. The aim of our study is to compare the metabolomic profile of infants of gestational diabetic mothers (IGDMs) to that of infants of healthy mothers to evaluate if differences remain despite a strict control of gestational diabetes. METHODS We performed the metabolomics study in cord serum sampled from 30 term IGDMs and 40 controls recording the occurrence of the most frequent complications in IGDMs. RESULTS We demonstrated that IGDMs have lower level of glucose and higher level of pyruvate, histidine, alanine, valine, methionine, arginine, lysine, hypoxanthine, lipoprotein and lipid than controls, but we did not find any clinical differences. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that prolonged fetal exposure to hyperglycemia during pregnancy can change neonatal metabolomic profile at birth without affecting the clinical course.
-
5.
Lutein administration to pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus is associated to a decrease of oxidative stress in newborns.
Lorenzoni, F, Giampietri, M, Ferri, G, Lunardi, S, Madrigali, V, Battini, L, Boldrini, A, Ghirri, P
Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. 2013;(10):901-3
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is defined as an imbalance between pro- and antioxidant factors that can lead to cellular and tissue damage. Under condition of gestational diabetes, OS is exacerbated and can cause vascular dysfunction in the placenta, leading to fetal and perinatal complications. We investigated the oxidative status of diabetic pregnant women and of their babies. A group of those diabetic women received lutein, and another group did not receive anything. In order to verify a possible antioxidant function of lutein, we compared the OS values of the two groups. OS appeared lower in treated gravidas than in untreated ones; however, there was not a statistically significant difference between the two groups. As far as newborns are concerned, there was a significant difference of OS values between babies born to mothers treated with lutein and newborns to mothers untreated at 2 h of life. However, at 48 h, there was not a significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, lutein administration during pregnancy significantly reduced neonatal OS at birth. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effects of combined administration to mother and infants.