0
selected
-
1.
Sex Differences in Physiological Stress Induced by a Long-Lasting Adventure Race: A Prospective Observational Analytical Study.
Silva, RPM, Vilaça, A, Guerra, FD, Mundim, AV, de Agostini, GG, de Abreu, LC, Zhiguo, Z, Sorpreso, IC, Valenti, VE, Penha-Silva, N
Sportverletzung Sportschaden : Organ der Gesellschaft fur Orthopadisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin. 2020;(2):84-95
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to provide additional information on the behaviour of biochemical parameters related to stress responses to a specific long-term competition, we aimed to compare the stressful effects of a long-lasting competition on physiological variables in men and women. METHODS This is a prospective observational analytical study. Twenty-five professional athletes, 15 men and 10 women, travelled 460 km for 4 days in an international edition of the Ecomotion/Pro AR World. RESULTS After the competition, we detected an increase in α-amylase and cortisol levels and a decrease in salivary immunoglobulin A (lgA) levels. The relative percentage changes in α-amylase, IgA and cortisol levels were significantly higher in women than in men, whereas women had lower relative percentage changes in glucose and lactate levels compared with men. There was a decrease in lymphocyte, eosinophil and monocyte counts, with relative percentage decreases in lymphocytes and monocytes being significantly higher in female athletes than in males. There were increases in the serum activities of total creatine kinase (CK), the creatine kinase myocardial isoform (CKMB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) at the end of the test, with significantly higher elevations of total CK, CKMB and LDH in men and ALT in women. CONCLUSION Long-lasting competition induced stress, muscle damage, anaemia and changes in the immune system. Women had more intense responses of cortisol and leukocytes.
-
2.
Early Season Hormonal and Biochemical Changes in Division I Field Hockey Players: Is Fitness Protective?
Walker, AJ, McFadden, BA, Sanders, DJ, Bozzini, BN, Conway, SP, Arent, SM
Journal of strength and conditioning research. 2020;(4):975-981
Abstract
Walker, AJ, McFadden, BA, Sanders, DJ, Bozzini, BN, Conway, SP, and Arent, SM. Early season hormonal and biochemical changes in Division I field hockey players: is fitness protective? J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 975-981, 2020-The purpose was to evaluate changes in hormonal and biochemical markers as a result of the accumulated stress of the initial 4-week training block in field hockey players. Women's Division I field hockey players (N = 22; Mage = 19.7 ± 1.1 years) performed testing before the start of preseason (A1) that included body composition (%BF), vertical jump, and V[Combining Dot Above]O2max. Blood draws were conducted at A1 to assess creatine kinase (CK), iron (Fe), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), percent saturation (%sat), total cortisol (TCORT), free cortisol (FCORT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), prolactin (PRL), vitamin D (vitD), and thyroxine (T3). Blood draws were repeated 4 weeks later (A2). Athletes were monitored during this training block, which included 2 weeks of preseason and the first 2 weeks of the season, using heart rate monitors to determine energy expenditure (Kcal) and training load. There were significant disruptions in TCORT, FCORT, T3, CK, Fe, and SHBG (p < 0.05) from A1 to A2. V[Combining Dot Above]O2max accounted for 31% (p < 0.05) of the variance in TCORT and %BF accounting for an additional 20.1% (p < 0.05). V[Combining Dot Above]O2max accounted for 32.7% (p < 0.05) of the variance in FCORT. %BF accounted for 48.9% (p < 0.05) of the variance in T3. Kcal was positively correlated with V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with %BF (p < 0.05). Athletes with higher V[Combining Dot Above]O2max and lower %BF may be capable of a higher work output and therefore more likely to experience increased physiological disruptions during intense training. The high-volume nature of preseason and differences in athlete fitness capabilities require coaches to manage players at an individual level to maintain athlete readiness.
-
3.
Effects of office workstation type on physical activity and stress.
Lindberg, CM, Srinivasan, K, Gilligan, B, Razjouyan, J, Lee, H, Najafi, B, Canada, KJ, Mehl, MR, Currim, F, Ram, S, et al
Occupational and environmental medicine. 2018;(10):689-695
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Office environments have been causally linked to workplace-related illnesses and stress, yet little is known about how office workstation type is linked to objective metrics of physical activity and stress. We aimed to explore these associations among office workers in US federal office buildings. METHODS We conducted a wearable, sensor-based, observational study of 231 workers in four office buildings. Outcome variables included workers' physiological stress response, physical activity and perceived stress. Relationships between office workstation type and these variables were assessed using structural equation modelling. RESULTS Workers in open bench seating were more active at the office than those in private offices and cubicles (open bench seating vs private office=225.52 mG (31.83% higher on average) (95% CI 136.57 to 314.46); open bench seating vs cubicle=185.13 mG (20.16% higher on average) (95% CI 66.53 to 303.72)). Furthermore, workers in open bench seating experienced lower perceived stress at the office than those in cubicles (-0.27 (9.10% lower on average) (95% CI -0.54 to -0.02)). Finally, higher physical activity at the office was related to lower physiological stress (higher heart rate variability in the time domain) outside the office (-26.12 ms/mG (14.18% higher on average) (95% CI -40.48 to -4.16)). CONCLUSIONS Office workstation type was related to enhanced physical activity and reduced physiological and perceived stress. This research highlights how office design, driven by office workstation type, could be a health-promoting factor.
-
4.
Matrix metalloproteinase-9, 10, and stress hyperglycaemia in acute kidney injury.
Guvercin, G, Karakus, V, Aksit, M, Dere, Y, Aktar, M, Alpay, H, Bozkaya, G, Tatar, E
European journal of clinical investigation. 2018;(7):e12963
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effect of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and 10, and stress hyperglycaemia on the necessity of emergency renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality in nondiabetic geriatric patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). MATERIALS AND METHODS The present observational and longitudinal study included 101 nondiabetic geriatric patients (age >65 years) with AKI. The serum levels of MMP-9 and MMP-10 were evaluated in these patients. Serum glucose level >140 mg/dL at the time of admission was accepted as stress hyperglycaemia. RESULTS The average age of patients was 81 ± 7.1 years. Stress hyperglycaemia was diagnosed in 34.6% of the cases; the majority of these cases were patients with high-serum urea, CRP, and chronic kidney disease. The average levels of MMP-9 and MMP-10 were found to be 199 ± 38 and 16.5 ± 7.5 ng/mL, respectively. Thirty-one cases (30.6%) mortality during hospitalization and 20 cases (20%) underwent emergency RRT. Multiregression analysis showed the serum urea (P < .001) and stress hyperglycaemia (P = .03) to be independently associated with mortality. Also, serum urea (P = .01), potassium level (P = .03), and MMP-10 levels (P = .03) were independently associated with the necessity of the emergency RRT. The MMP-9 levels exhibited no relation with the necessity of emergency RRT and mortality. CONCLUSION Stress hyperglycaemia is a common condition among nondiabetic geriatric patients with AKI and is related to mortality. Serum MMP-10 levels serve as an important predictor of the necessity of emergency RRT in these patients.
-
5.
Overfeeding-associated hyperglycemia and injury-response homeostasis in critically ill neonates.
Tian, T, Coons, J, Chang, H, Chwals, WJ
Journal of pediatric surgery. 2018;(9):1688-1691
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury severity induces a proportionate acute metabolic stress response, associated with increased risk of hyperglycemia. We hypothesized that excess caloric delivery (overfeeding) during high stress states would increase hyperglycemia and disrupt response homeostasis. METHODS Gestational age, daily weight, total daily caloric intake, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), prealbumin, and blood glucose concentrations in all acutely-injured premature NICU infants requiring TPN over the past 3years were reviewed. Injury severity was based on CRP and patients were divided into high (CRP ≥50mg/L) versus low (CRP <50mg/L) stress groups. Glycemic variability was used to measure disruption of homeostasis. RESULTS Overall sample included N=563 patient days (37 patients; 42 episodes). High stress group pre-albumin levels negatively correlated with CRP levels (R=-0.62, p<0.005). A test of equal variance demonstrated significantly increased high stress glycemic variability (Ha:ratio>1, Pr(F>f)=0.0353). When high stress patients were separated into high caloric intake (≥70kg/kcal/day) versus low caloric intake (<70kg/kcal/day), maximum serum glucose levels were significantly higher with overfeeding (230.33±55.81 vs. 135.71±37.97mg/dL, p<0.004). CONCLUSION Higher injury severity induces increased disruption of response homeostasis in critically ill neonates. TPN-associated overfeeding worsens injury-related hyperglycemia in more severely injured infants. TYPE OF STUDY Retrospective study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II.
-
6.
What are the effects of psychological stress and physical work on blood lipid profiles?
Assadi, SN
Medicine. 2017;(18):e6816
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
Blood lipids disorders are prevalent in the world. Some of their risk factors are modifiable such as mental and physical stress which existed in some places such as work environment.Objective of this study was to determine the effects of psychological and physical stress on the lipid profiles. It was a historical cohort study. The people who were employed as general worker were participated. The study was conducted with flexible interview for getting history, lipid profile examination, and a checklist including occupational and nonoccupational risk factors and using the health issues. According to the type of stress exposures, the study population was divided into 5 groups. Groups were followed for lipid profiles. These groups were exposed to psychological stress, physical stress or both of them; mild psychological stress (group 1), mild physical work without psychological stress (group 2), mild psychological stress and mild physical work (group 3), moderate physical work without psychological stress (group 4), and heavy physical work without psychological stress (group 5). Data were analyzed with SPSS 16. ANOVA, χ, and exact test were calculated with considering P < .05 as significant level. Relative risks were calculated with confidence interval 95%. The means of lipid profiles were in normal ranges. The relative risks for triglycerides more than 200 mg/dL was 1.57 (1.02-2.42) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) more than 130 mg/dL was 14.54 (3.54-59.65) in group 1. The relative risks for high density lipoprotein (HDL) less than 45 mg/dL was 14.61 (8.31-25.68) in group 1 and 16.00 (8.30-30.83) in group 3. After multinomial logistic regression they had significant differences. Psychological stress was a risk factor for lipid disorders, and suitable physical activity was protective in this situation.
-
7.
Physiological, biochemical, and psychological responses to environmental survival training in the Royal Australian Air Force.
Chester, AL, Edwards, AM, Crowe, M, Quirk, F
Military medicine. 2013;(7):e829-35
Abstract
Military environmental survival training (EST) is designed and considered to evoke significant stressors to military personnel in preparation for combat-like scenarios. The aim of this study was to observe and report selected physiological, biochemical, psychological, and performance responses to this intense 15-day program of Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) EST. Fourteen RAAF participants undertook the EST course. Physiological and psychological responses were collected across the 15 days across outcomes: (1) biochemical markers (blood lactate, interlukin-6, and creatine kinase), (2) performance and anthropometric indices (vertical jump, body mass), and (3) psychological questionnaires profile of mood states, depression anxiety stress scale, Kessler-10 etc.). Creatine kinase concentration increased significantly from baseline to day 5 (p < 0.05) and thereafter remained elevated for the remaining 10 days of EST (128%; p < 0.01). Vertical jump (-10%; p < 0.01) and body mass (-8%; p < 0.01) both decreased across 15 days of EST, while there were no significant change in interlukin-6. Negative psychological responses were observed for mood (p < 0.01), depression (p < 0.05), anxiety (p < 0.01), and stress (p < 0.01) following the EST course. This case study showed the RAAF EST course imposed significant physiological and psychological stress as observed from markers of muscle damage, deterioration in physical performance, substantial weight loss, negative mood, and psychological distress.