1.
Effective Timing of Curcumin Ingestion to Attenuate Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness in Men.
Tanabe, Y, Chino, K, Sagayama, H, Lee, HJ, Ozawa, H, Maeda, S, Takahashi, H
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology. 2019;(1):82-89
Abstract
Curcumin is known to have potent anti-inflammatory effects. We have reported that acute curcumin ingestion attenuates eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. This study aimed to examine the effect of curcumin ingestion timing (before or after exercise) on the changes in muscle damage markers after eccentric exercise. In this randomized, single-blind, parallel design study, 24 healthy young men performed 30 maximal isokinetic (120ยบ/s) eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors using an isokinetic dynamometer. Subjects were randomly assigned to ingest 180 mg/d of oral curcumin either 7 d before (PRE) or 4 d after exercise (POST) or 180 mg/d of oral placebo 4 d after exercise (CON). The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque of the elbow flexors, elbow joint range of motion (ROM), muscle soreness, and serum creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured before, immediately after, and 1-4 d after exercise. Changes in these variables were compared over time. In the POST group, ROM were higher at 3-4 d and muscle soreness was lower at 3 d after exercise compared with the CON group (p<0.05). However, in the PRE group, there were no significant differences compared with the CON group in changes in ROM and muscle soreness. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences among the groups in terms of changes in MVC torque and serum CK activity. Our results suggest that curcumin ingestion after exercise had a more beneficial effect in attenuating muscle soreness.
2.
The effects of upper extremity aerobic exercise in patients with spinal cord injury: a randomized controlled study.
Akkurt, H, Karapolat, HU, Kirazli, Y, Kose, T
European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine. 2017;(2):219-227
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immobility and secondary complications, including cardiopulmonary disease, pressure ulcers, and pain, occur in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). These patients also have difficulty coping with the strain of daily activities. Thus, it is important for SCI patients to engage in aerobic exercise in order to be able to cope adequately with the strain of activities and SCI-related complications. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of arm aerobic exercise on the parameters of cardiopulmonary function, quality of life, degree of disability, psychological state, and metabolic syndrome. DESIGN This study was a single blind, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING This study was conducted in a university hospital. POPULATION SCI patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group (N.=17) or a control group (N.=16). Arm ergometer exercises (three days/week; 1.5 hours/week 50-70% pVO2) and general exercises (two sessions/day; 5 days/week), were assigned to the intervention group for 12 weeks. The control group was assigned general exercises only during this trial. METHODS Before the rehabilitation (Week 0), after six weeks, and after the rehabilitation (Week 12), all patients were evaluated for functional status (maximal oxygen uptake [pVO2], power output [PO], and Functional Independence Measurement), pulmonary function (FEV1%, FVC%, FEV1/FVC%), quality of life (World Health Organization Measure of Quality of Life, short form, Turkish version), metabolic syndrome parameters (triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), degree of disability (Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique, short form), and psychological status (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). RESULTS At the end of the study, increases of 39.6% and 45.4% in the pVO2 and PO levels, respectively, were found. Additionally, no statistically significant difference was found in the intervention group after the rehabilitation compared to the levels before rehabilitation (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences in functional status, quality of life, psychological state, level of disability, or metabolic syndrome parameters were found in the intervention group (P>0.05). The control group, on the other hand, showed no clinically significant differences in any of the parameters (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Short-term arm aerobic exercise performed by patients with SCI improves their exercise capacities. These patients require longer rehabilitation programs to receive more benefits from aerobic exercise training. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT Adding arm cranking exercise training to the rehabilitation program of patients with spinal cord injury demonstrated improved exercise capacity; however, further studies are needed to assess the effects of exercise training on other health issues.
3.
Leg immersion in warm water, stretch-shortening exercise, and exercise-induced muscle damage.
Skurvydas, A, Kamandulis, S, Stanislovaitis, A, Streckis, V, Mamkus, G, Drazdauskas, A
Journal of athletic training. 2008;(6):592-9
Abstract
CONTEXT Whether muscle warming protects against exercise-induced muscle damage is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of leg immersion in warm water before stretch-shortening exercise on the time course of indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage. DESIGN Crossover trial. SETTING Human kinetics laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Eleven healthy, untrained men (age = 21.5 +/- 1.7 years). INTERVENTION(S): Participants' legs were immersed in a water bath at 44 +/- 1 degrees C for 45 minutes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Creatine kinase changes in the blood, muscle soreness, prolonged (within 72 hours) impairment in maximal voluntary contraction force and height of drop jump, and electrically evoked muscle force at low and high stimulation frequencies at short and long muscle lengths. RESULTS Leg immersion in warm water before stretch-shortening exercise reduced most of the indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage, including creatine kinase activity in the blood, muscle soreness, maximal voluntary contraction force, and jump height. The values for maximal voluntary contraction force and jump height, however, were higher during prewarming than for the control condition at 48 hours after stretch-shortening exercise, but this difference was only minor at other time points. Muscle prewarming did not bring about any changes in the dynamics of low-frequency fatigue, registered at either short or long muscle length, within 72 hours of stretch-shortening exercise. CONCLUSIONS Leg immersion in warm water before stretch-shortening exercise reduced most of the indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage. However, the clinical application of muscle prewarming may be limited, because decreasing muscle damage did not necessarily lead to improved voluntary performance.