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Structure and Function of Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes (MAMs) and Their Role in Cardiovascular Diseases.
Luan, Y, Luan, Y, Yuan, RX, Feng, Q, Chen, X, Yang, Y
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2021;:4578809
Abstract
Abnormal function of suborganelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum often leads to abnormal function of cardiomyocytes or vascular endothelial cells and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) is involved in several important cellular functions. Increasing evidence shows that MAM is involved in the pathogenesis of CVD. MAM mediates multiple cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis regulation, lipid metabolism, unfolded protein response, ROS, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation, which are key risk factors for CVD. In this review, we discuss the structure of MAM and MAM-associated proteins, their role in CVD progression, and the potential use of MAM as the therapeutic targets for CVD treatment.
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Fermented dairy foods intake and risk of cardiovascular diseases: A meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Zhang, K, Chen, X, Zhang, L, Deng, Z
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. 2020;(7):1189-1194
Abstract
Since the associations of fermented dairy foods intake with risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remained inconsistent, we carried out this meta-analysis on all published cohort studies to estimate the overall effect. We searched the PubMed and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases for all articles within a range of published years from 1980 to 2018 on the association between fermented dairy foods intake and CVD risk. Finally, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria for this study, with 385,122 participants, 1,392 Myocardial infarction, 4,490 coronary heart disease (CHD), 7,078 stroke, and 51,707 uncategorized CVD cases. Overall, statistical evidence of significantly decreased CVD risk was found to be associated with fermented dairy foods intake (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.76-0.91). In subgroup analysis, cheese and yogurt consumptions were associated with decreased CVD risk (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.80-0.94 for cheese and OR = 0. 78, 95% CI = 0.67-0.89 for yogurt). Our meta-analysis indicated that fermented dairy foods intake was associated with decreased CVD risk.
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Morbidity and mortality after lifestyle intervention for people with impaired glucose tolerance: 30-year results of the Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study.
Gong, Q, Zhang, P, Wang, J, Ma, J, An, Y, Chen, Y, Zhang, B, Feng, X, Li, H, Chen, X, et al
The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology. 2019;(6):452-461
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle interventions can delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance, but whether this leads subsequently to fewer complications or to increased longevity is uncertain. We aimed to assess the long-term effects of lifestyle interventions in people with impaired glucose tolerance on the incidence of diabetes, its complications, and mortality. METHODS The original study was a cluster randomised trial, started in 1986, in which 33 clinics in Da Qing, China, were randomly assigned to either be a control clinic or provide one of three interventions (diet, exercise, or diet plus exercise) for 6 years for 577 adults with impaired glucose tolerance who usually receive their medical care from the clinics. Subsequently, participants were followed for up to 30 years to assess the effects of intervention on the incidence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease events, composite microvascular complications, cardiovascular disease death, all-cause mortality, and life expectancy. FINDINGS Of the 577 participants, 438 were assigned to an intervention group and 138 to the control group (one refused baseline examination). After 30 years of follow-up, 540 (94%) of 576 participants were assessed for outcomes (135 in the control group, 405 in the intervention group). During the 30-year follow-up, compared with control, the combined intervention group had a median delay in diabetes onset of 3·96 years (95% CI 1·25 to 6·67; p=0·0042), fewer cardiovascular disease events (hazard ratio 0·74, 95% CI 0·59-0·92; p=0·0060), a lower incidence of microvascular complications (0·65, 0·45-0·95; p=0·025), fewer cardiovascular disease deaths (0·67, 0·48-0·94; p=0·022), fewer all-cause deaths (0·74, 0·61-0·89; p=0·0015), and an average increase in life expectancy of 1·44 years (95% CI 0·20-2·68; p=0·023). INTERPRETATION Lifestyle intervention in people with impaired glucose tolerance delayed the onset of type 2 diabetes and reduced the incidence of cardiovascular events, microvascular complications, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, and increased life expectancy. These findings provide strong justification to continue to implement and expand the use of such interventions to curb the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes and its consequences. FUNDING US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, World Bank, Ministry of Public Health of the People's Republic of China, Da Qing First Hospital, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases & Fuwai Hospital.
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Chocolate consumption and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Ren, Y, Liu, Y, Sun, XZ, Wang, BY, Zhao, Y, Liu, DC, Zhang, DD, Liu, XJ, Zhang, RY, Sun, HH, et al
Heart (British Cardiac Society). 2019;(1):49-55
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies investigating the impact of chocolate consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) have reached inconsistent conclusions. As such, a quantitative assessment of the dose-response association between chocolate consumption and incident CVD has not been reported. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the risk of CVD with chocolate consumption. METHODS PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for articles published up to 6 June 2018. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the dose-response association. RESULTS Fourteen publications (23 studies including 405 304 participants and 35 093 cases of CVD) were included in the meta-analysis. The summary of relative risk (RR) per 20 g/week increase in chocolate consumption was 0.982 (95% CI 0.972 to 0.992, I2=50.4%, n=18) for CVD (heart failure: 0.995 (0.981 to 1.010, I2=36.3%, n=5); total stroke: 0.956 (0.932 to 0.980, I2=25.5%, n=7); cerebral infarction: 0.952 (0.917 to 0.988, I2=0.0%, n=4); haemorrhagic stroke: 0.931 (0.871 to 0.994, I2=0.0%, n=4); myocardial infarction: 0.981 (0.964 to 0.997, I2=0.0%, n=3); coronary heart disease: 0.986 (0.973 to 0.999, n=1)). A non-linear dose-response (pnon-linearity=0.001) indicated that the most appropriate dose of chocolate consumption for reducing risk of CVD was 45 g/week (RR 0.890;95%CI 0.849 to 0.932). CONCLUSIONS Chocolate consumption may be associated with reduced risk of CVD at <100 g/week consumption. Higher levels may negate the health benefits and induce adverse effects associated with high sugar consumption.
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Association between gout and all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review.
Lottmann, K, Chen, X, Schädlich, PK
Current rheumatology reports. 2012;(2):195-203
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Abstract
Gout affects 1% to 2% of the population, and the prevalence is increasing due to changes in diet and the ageing of the population. Its development and risk factors have been explored frequently, and recommendations for the diagnosis and management of gout implemented. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the long-term impact on gouty patients. This systematic review therefore evaluates the association between gout and all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality. A systematic literature search was performed, and seven long-term studies were ultimately analyzed. Six of them used multivariate regressions to assess the adjusted mortality ratio in gouty patients with reference to patients without the disorder. Despite differences in study designs, study populations, and definitions of gout, the results were consistent: There was an independent association between gout and all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality. Knowing that patients with gout are at risk emphasizes the need for adequate care.