0
selected
-
1.
Recent progress in understanding salinity tolerance in plants: Story of Na+/K+ balance and beyond.
Hussain, S, Hussain, S, Ali, B, Ren, X, Chen, X, Li, Q, Saqib, M, Ahmad, N
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB. 2021;:239-256
Abstract
High salt concentrations in the growing medium can severely affect the growth and development of plants. It is imperative to understand the different components of salt-tolerant network in plants in order to produce the salt-tolerant cultivars. High-affinity potassium transporter- and myelocytomatosis proteins have been shown to play a critical role for salinity tolerance through exclusion of sodium (Na+) ions from sensitive shoot tissues in plants. Numerous genes, that limit the uptake of salts from soil and their transport throughout the plant body, adjust the ionic and osmotic balance of cells in roots and shoots. In the present review, we have tried to provide a comprehensive report of major research advances on different mechanisms regulating plant tolerance to salinity stress at proteomics, metabolomics, genomics and transcriptomics levels. Along with the role of ionic homeostasis, a major focus was given on other salinity tolerance mechanisms in plants including osmoregulation and osmo-protection, cell wall remodeling and integrity, and plant antioxidative defense. Major proteins and genes expressed under salt-stressed conditions and their role in enhancing salinity tolerance in plants are discussed as well. Moreover, this manuscript identifies and highlights the key questions on plant salinity tolerance that remain to be discussed in the future.
-
2.
Plant-derived glucose transport inhibitors with potential antitumor activity.
Shriwas, P, Chen, X, Kinghorn, AD, Ren, Y
Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2020;(5):1027-1040
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
Glucose, a key nutrient utilized by human cells to provide cellular energy and a carbon source for biomass synthesis, is internalized in cells via glucose transporters that regulate glucose homeostasis throughout the human body. Glucose transporters have been used as important targets for the discovery of new drugs to treat cancer, diabetes, and heart disease, owing to their abnormal expression during these disease conditions. Thus far, several glucose transport inhibitors have been used in clinical trials, and increasing numbers of natural products have been characterized as potential anticancer agents targeting glucose transport. The present review focuses on natural product glucose transport inhibitors of plant origin, including alkaloids, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds, and isoprenoids, with their potential antitumor properties also discussed.
-
3.
Intercellular and systemic trafficking of RNAs in plants.
Liu, L, Chen, X
Nature plants. 2018;(11):869-878
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
Plants have evolved dynamic and complex networks of cell-to-cell communication to coordinate and adapt their growth and development to a variety of environmental changes. In addition to small molecules, such as metabolites and phytohormones, macromolecules such as proteins and RNAs also act as signalling agents in plants. As information molecules, RNAs can move locally between cells through plasmodesmata, and over long distances through phloem. Non-cell-autonomous RNAs may act as mobile signals to regulate plant development, nutrient allocation, gene silencing, antiviral defence, stress responses and many other physiological processes in plants. Recent work has shed light on mobile RNAs and, in some cases, uncovered their roles in intercellular and systemic signalling networks. This review summarizes the current knowledge of local and systemic RNA movement, and discusses the potential regulatory mechanisms and biological significance of RNA trafficking in plants.
-
4.
sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases in plants.
Chen, X, Snyder, CL, Truksa, M, Shah, S, Weselake, RJ
Plant signaling & behavior. 2011;(11):1695-9
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) catalyzes the acylation at sn-1 position of glycerol-3-phosphate to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA is an important intermediate for the formation of different types of acyl-lipids, such as extracellular lipid polyesters, storage and membrane lipids. Three types of GPAT have been found in plants, localizing to the plastid, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. These GPATs are involved in several lipid biosynthetic pathways and play important biological roles in plant development. In the present review, we will focus on the recent progress in studying the physiological functions of GPATs and their metabolic roles in glycerolipid biosynthesis.
-
5.
Phosphorus dynamics: from soil to plant.
Shen, J, Yuan, L, Zhang, J, Li, H, Bai, Z, Chen, X, Zhang, W, Zhang, F
Plant physiology. 2011;(3):997-1005
-
6.
Are small RNAs a big help to plants?
Mao, Y, Xue, X, Chen, X
Science in China. Series C, Life sciences. 2009;(3):212-23
Abstract
The discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) has augmented our knowledge of gene regulation and presents a fascinating technology that has a great potential for application in genetic analysis, disease therapy, plant protection, and many other areas. In this review, we will focus on the biological functions of RNAi and its application in agriculture with a brief introduction to the history of its discovery and molecular mechanism.
-
7.
Function and regulation of phospholipid signalling in plants.
Xue, HW, Chen, X, Mei, Y
The Biochemical journal. 2009;(2):145-56
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
As an important metabolic pathway, phosphatidylinositol metabolism generates both constitutive and signalling molecules that are crucial for plant growth and development. Recent studies using genetic and molecular approaches reveal the important roles of phospholipid molecules and signalling in multiple processes of higher plants, including root growth, pollen and vascular development, hormone effects and cell responses to environmental stimuli plants. The present review summarizes the current progress in our understanding of the functional mechanism of phospholipid signalling, with an emphasis on the regulation of Ins(1,4,5)P3-Ca2+ oscillation, the second messenger molecule phosphatidic acid and the cytoskeleton.