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Impact of weight change on quality of life in adults with overweight/obesity in the United States: a systematic review.
Kroes, M, Osei-Assibey, G, Baker-Searle, R, Huang, J
Current medical research and opinion. 2016;(3):485-508
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review published evidence on the impact of weight/BMI change on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults from the US with overweight/obesity. METHODS The systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, EconLit, and Cochrane Library databases were reviewed using pre-defined eligibility criteria to identify relevant US studies in adults with overweight/obesity, with ≥1 year follow-up, quantified weight change, and measured HRQoL. This manuscript focuses on HRQoL derived using the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite (IWQOL-Lite) instruments. RESULTS In total, 32 of 6793 identified publications reported HRQoL according to SF-36 or IWQOL-Lite; 20 provided adequate data for inclusion in this review. Although study design and outcomes were heterogeneous, improvements in HRQoL were generally observed with weight loss. Bariatric surgery studies provided the most evidence (12 publications) and demonstrated dramatic (≥20%) weight loss and associated HRQoL improvements. Sustained weight loss was associated with maintenance of HRQoL improvements out to 6 years in some studies. In lifestyle and pharmaceutical intervention studies showing weight loss of 5%-10%, some aspects of HRQoL improved, although the association with weight was not typically explored. Across the 20 publications, physical versus mental HRQoL improvements were more commonly statistically significant. CONCLUSION Overweight/obesity is typically associated with poorer HRQoL than normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)). This systematic review of US literature demonstrated that significant weight loss after bariatric surgery may be associated with improvements in HRQoL. In non-bariatric studies with weight loss of ≥5%, improvements in some aspects of HRQoL were noted, although the causal nature of the relationship is uncertain. Although many SF-36 and IWQOL-Lite domain scores increased, improvements were typically only significant for physical, rather than mental, HRQoL. This systematic review provides evidence supporting that weight loss may improve HRQoL in people with overweight/obesity.
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Mobile phone intervention and weight loss among overweight and obese adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Liu, F, Kong, X, Cao, J, Chen, S, Li, C, Huang, J, Gu, D, Kelly, TN
American journal of epidemiology. 2015;(5):337-48
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Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the association of mobile phone intervention with net change in weight-related measures among overweight and obese adults. We searched electronic databases and conducted a bibliography review to identify articles published between the inception date of each database and March 27, 2014. Fourteen trials (including 1,337 participants in total) that met the eligibility criteria were included. Two investigators independently abstracted information on study characteristics and study outcomes. Net change estimates comparing the intervention group with the control group were pooled across trials using random-effects models. Compared with the control group, mobile phone intervention was associated with significant changes in body weight and body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) of -1.44 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): -2.12, -0.76) and -0.24 units (95% CI: -0.40, -0.08), respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that the associations were consistent across study-duration and intervention-type subgroups. For example, net body weight changes were -0.92 kg (95% CI: -1.58, -0.25) and -1.85 kg (95% CI: -2.99, -0.71) in trials of shorter (<6 months) and longer (≥6 months) duration, respectively. These findings provide evidence that mobile phone intervention may be a useful tool for promoting weight loss among overweight and obese adults.