1.
Calcium-calcineurin signaling pathway in Candida albicans: A potential drug target.
Li, W, Shrivastava, M, Lu, H, Jiang, Y
Microbiological research. 2021;:126786
Abstract
Increased morbidity and mortality of candidiasis are a notable threat to the immunocompromised patients. At present, the types of drugs available to treat C. albicans infection are relatively limited. Moreover, the emergence of antifungal drug resistance of C. albicans makes the treatment of C. albicans infection more difficult. The calcium-calcineurin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the survival and pathogenicity of C. albicans and may act as a potential target against C. albicans. In this review, we summarized functions of the calcium-calcineurin signaling pathway in several biological processes, compared the differences of this signaling pathway between C. albicans and humans, and described anti-C. albicans activity of inhibitors of this signaling pathway. We believe that targeting the calcium-calcineurin signaling pathway is a promising strategy to cope with C. albicans infection.
2.
Calcium: magnesium intake ratio and colorectal carcinogenesis, results from the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial.
Zhao, J, Giri, A, Zhu, X, Shrubsole, MJ, Jiang, Y, Guo, X, Ness, R, Seidner, DL, Giovannucci, E, Edwards, TL, et al
British journal of cancer. 2019;(9):796-804
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Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the associations between calcium and various stages of colorectal carcinogenesis and whether these associations are modified by the calcium to magnesium (Ca:Mg) ratio. METHODS We tested our hypotheses in the prostate lung, colorectal and ovarian cancer screening trial. RESULTS Calcium intake did not show a dose-response association with incident adenoma of any size/stage (P-trend = 0.17), but followed an inverse trend when restricted to synchronous/advanced adenoma cases (P-trend = 0.05). This inverse trend was mainly in participants with Ca:Mg ratios between 1.7 and 2.5 (P-trend = 0.05). No significant associations were observed for metachronous adenoma. Calcium intake was inversely associated with CRC (P-trend = 0.03); the association was primarily present for distal CRC (P-trend = 0.01). The inverse association between calcium and distal CRC was further modified by the Ca:Mg ratio (P-interaction < 0.01); significant dose-response associations were found only in participants with a Ca:Mg ratio between 1.7 and 2.5 (P-trend = 0.04). No associations for calcium were found in the Ca:Mg ratio above 2.5 or below 1.7. CONCLUSION Higher calcium intake may be related to reduced risks of incident advanced and/or synchronous adenoma and incident distal CRC among subjects with Ca:Mg intake ratios between 1.7 and 2.5.