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Dyslipidemia is associated with sarcopenia of the elderly: a meta-analysis.
Bi, B, Dong, X, Yan, M, Zhao, Z, Liu, R, Li, S, Wu, H
BMC geriatrics. 2024;(1):181
Abstract
PURPOSE Sarcopenia is a pathological change characterized by muscle loss in older people. According to the reports, there is controversy on the relationship between dyslipidemia and sarcopenia. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia. METHODS We searched the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP Database) for case‒control studies to extract data on the odds ratio (OR) between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia and the MD(mean difference) of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TG/HDL-C between sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia. The JBI(Joanna Briggs) guidelines were used to evaluate the quality. Excel 2021, Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0 were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis, 19 of which were evaluated as good quality. The overall OR of the relationship between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia was 1.47, and the MD values of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TG/HDL-C were 1.10, 1.95, 1.27, 30.13, and 0.16 respectively. In female, compared with the non-sarcopnia, the MD of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG of sarcopenia were - 1.67,2.21,1.02,-3.18 respectively. In male, the MD of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia were - 0.51, 1.41, 5.77, -0.67. The OR between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia of the non-China region was 4.38, and it was 0.9 in China. In the group(> 60), MD of TC between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia was 2.63, while it was 1.54 in the group(20-60). CONCLUSION Dyslipidemia was associated with sarcopenia in the elderly, which was affected by sex, region and age.
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Effect of mind-body exercise on risk factors for metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance: a meta-analysis.
Li, S, Wang, P, Wang, J, Zhao, J, Wang, X, Liu, T
Frontiers in endocrinology. 2024;:1289254
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the effects of mind-body exercise on risk factors of metabolic syndrome such as insulin resistance. METHODS Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EBSCO host, Embase, China Knowledge Network, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang, and VIP were searched for the period from the establishment of the database to 1 July 2023, and randomized controlled trials of mind-body exercise interventions in patients with metabolic syndrome were collected. We applied the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool RoB2 to evaluate the methodological quality of the included literature and used RevMan5.4 software and Stata15.1 for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 14 randomized controlled trials with 1148 patients were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that mind-body exercise significantly improved insulin resistance [SMD=-0.78, 95% CI: (-1.13, -0.43), P<0.0001], waist circumference [SMD=-2.20, 95% CI: (-3.34, -1.06), P=0.0001], body mass index (SMD=-1.50, 95% CI: [-2.03, -0.97), P<0.00001], systolic blood pressure [SMD=-3.65, 95% CI: 9-5.56, -1.74), P=0.0002], diastolic blood pressure [SMD=-3.32, 95% CI: (- 3.77, -2.87), P<0.00001], fasting blood glucose [SMD=-0.57, 95% CI: (-0.99, -0.15), P=0.008], triglycerides [SMD=-0.27, 95% CI: (-0.46, -0.08), P=0.004], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [SMD=0.58, the 95% CI: (0.28, 0.87), P=0.0001]. Subgroup analysis showed that the intervention program with exercise form of fitness qigong, exercise cycle of 24-48 weeks, and exercise frequency of 6-7 times/week could significantly improve each risk factor. CONCLUSION Mind-body exercise is effective in improving risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. Current evidence recommends an intervention program of low to moderate intensity fitness qigong, with 6-7 sessions per week for 24-48 weeks in patients with metabolic syndrome. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023454135.
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Prognostic impact of oral microbiome on survival of malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li, S, Wang, T, Ren, Y, Liu, Z, Gao, J, Guo, Z
Systematic reviews. 2024;(1):41
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that there exists a significant correlation between oral microbiome and the occurrence of malignancies. However, the prognostic significance of oral microbiome for cancer patients remains unclear. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of oral microbiome on the survival of patients with malignant neoplasms. METHODS We conducted a thorough literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases until September 2022. The hazard ratio (HR) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 software for survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS A total of 15 studies, covering 5191 samples with various types of cancers, were selected based on specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, patients with low diversity of the oral microbiome, or those with Fusobacterium-high/positive, or P. gingivalis positive in cancer tissue displayed poorer OS (univariate HR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.15-2.62; P = 0.009; multivariate HR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.07-2.27; P = 0.02), DSS (univariate HR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.50-2.84; P < 0.00001; multivariate HR = 1.80; 95% CI 1.48-2.20; P < 0.00001), and PFS/DFS (univariate HR = 2.00; 95% CI 1.12-3.58; P = 0.002; multivariate HR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.05-3.02; P = 0.003). Subgroup analysis revealed that Fusobacterium positive or high abundance in cancer tissues was associated with poor OS in multivariate analysis but had no statistical differences in PFS or DFS in univariate and multivariate analysis. Additionally, P. gingivalis positive in cancer tissue was also associated with worse OS. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis suggests that the composition of the oral microbiome may play a significant role in predicting survival outcomes for cancer patients.
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Administration of silymarin in NAFLD/NASH: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li, S, Duan, F, Li, S, Lu, B
Annals of hepatology. 2024;(2):101174
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease with a high prevalence worldwide and poses serious harm to human health. There is growing evidence suggesting that the administration of specific supplements or nutrients may slow NAFLD progression. Silymarin is a hepatoprotective extract of milk thistle, but its efficacy in NAFLD remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, clinicaltrails.gov, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure and were screened according to the eligibility criteria. Data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Continuous values and dichotomous values were pooled using the standard mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR). Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran's Q test (I2 statistic). A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 26 randomized controlled trials involving 2,375 patients were included in this study. Administration of silymarin significantly reduced the levels of TC (SMD[95%CI]=-0.85[-1.23, -0.47]), TG (SMD[95%CI]=-0.62[-1.14, -0.10]), LDL-C (SMD[95%CI]=-0.81[-1.31, -0.31]), FI (SMD[95%CI]=-0.59[-0.91, -0.28]) and HOMA-IR (SMD[95%CI]=-0.37[-0.77, 0.04]), and increased the level of HDL-C (SMD[95%CI]=0.46[0.03, 0.89]). In addition, silymarin attenuated liver injury as indicated by the decreased levels of ALT (SMD[95%CI]=-12.39[-19.69, -5.08]) and AST (SMD[95% CI]=-10.97[-15.51, -6.43]). The levels of fatty liver index (SMD[95%CI]=-6.64[-10.59, -2.69]) and fatty liver score (SMD[95%CI]=-0.51[-0.69, -0.33]) were also decreased. Liver histology of the intervention group revealed significantly improved hepatic steatosis (OR[95%CI]=3.25[1.80, 5.87]). CONCLUSIONS Silymarin can regulate energy metabolism, attenuate liver damage, and improve liver histology in NAFLD patients. However, the effects of silymarin will need to be confirmed by further research.
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Time-dependent risk of fracture in adults with type 2 diabetes receiving anti-diabetic drug: A one-stage network meta-analysis.
Shen, Y, Shi, Q, Zou, X, Meng, W, Tian, H, Du, L, Li, S
Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 2024;(2):e3780
Abstract
AIMS: To assess the time-dependent risk of fracture in adults with type 2 diabetes receiving anti-diabetic drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library up to 18 November 2021, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity-score-matched non-randomized studies (NRSs) comparing all anti-diabetic drugs with standard treatment or with each other on fracture in adults with type 2 diabetes. The study performed a one-stage network meta-analysis using discrete-time hazard regression with reconstructed individual time-to-event data. RESULTS This network meta-analysis involved seven RCTs (65,051 adults with type 2 diabetes) with a median follow-up of 36 months and three propensity-score-based NRSs (17,954 participants) with a median follow-up of 27.3 months. Among anti-diabetic drugs, thiazolidinediones increased the overall hazard of fracture by 42% (95% credible interval [CrI], 3%-97%) and almost tripled the risk after 4 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.74; 95% CrI, 1.53-4.80). Credible subgroup analysis suggested that thiazolidinediones increased the hazard of fracture only in females (HR, 2.19; 95% CrI, 1.26-3.74) but not among males (HR, 0.81; 95% CrI, 0.45-1.40). Moderate certainty evidence established that thiazolidinediones increase 92 fractures in five years per 1000 female patients. We did not find the risk of fractures with other anti-diabetic drugs including metformin, sulfonylureas, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Long-term use of thiazolidinediones elevates the risk of fracture among females with type 2 diabetes. There is no evidence eliciting fracture risk associated with other anti-diabetic drugs.
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Time-varying effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure: An updated meta-analysis.
Zou, X, Shi, Q, Li, S
Journal of evidence-based medicine. 2024;(1):13-16
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Association of dietary inflammatory index and the SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence, severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
Hao, X, Li, S, Yang, Y, Dai, H, Yan, Y, Li, D
Nutrition journal. 2024;(1):21
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, severity or mortality of COVID-19, however, the outcomes remain controversial. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine whether a dose-response association of DII and SARS-CoV-2 infection exists. DESIGN A dose-response meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association of DII and SARS-CoV-2 infection. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science up to March 15th, 2023. The odds ratios (OR) of DII and COVID-19 risk and severity were computed. RESULTS Totally, 5 studies were included (1 from UK and 4 from Iran), consisting of 197,929 participants with 12,081 COVID-19 cases. Although there was heterogeneity among studies, the results indicated that higher DII was independently related to higher SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.17) and COVID-19 severity (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.15) but not COVID-19 mortality (risk ratio = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.27). The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection increased by 31% for each 1-point increase in the E-DII (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.43). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that an elevated DII score is associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 infectious risk and severity of COVID-19. There were not enough studies on COVID-19 mortality. Further large prospective studies in different countries are warranted to validate our results.
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Optimal vitamin D supplement dosage for improving insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Zhu, L, Li, S, Zhong, L, Xu, S, Zhu, H
European journal of nutrition. 2024;(3):763-775
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Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted a network meta-analysis which aims to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different supplementation dosages of vitamin D on cardiometabolic and bone-metabolic indicators as well as insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHODS Eligible studies published before December 10, 2022 were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to express pooled estimates. Network meta-analysis of multiple doses, including low (< 1000 IU/day, LDS), medium (1000-2000 IU/day, MDS), high (2000-4000 IU/day, HDS), and extremely high (> 4000 IU/day, EHDS) dosage strategy, was conducted using STATA/MP 14.0. RESULTS Our network meta-analysis of 15 RCTs suggested that, compared with placebo and LDS, EHDS was increased 25-(OH)-D, with a pooled MD of 8.65 (95% CI 4.72-12.58) and 7.66 (95% CI 0.91-14.41), respectively. Meanwhile, EHDS also decreased ho meostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD: - 0.74; 95% CI: - 1.45 to - 0.04) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD: - 18.99; 95% CI - 21.60 to - 16.38), and EHDS was also better than LDS (MD: - 18.47; 95% CI - 20.66 to - 16.28) and MDS (MD: - 19.69; 95% CI - 22.17 to - 17.21) in decreasing CRP. Ranking probability suggested that EHDS ranked best for increasing 25-(OH)-D, and decreasing HOMA-IR and CRP, with a probability of 86.1%, 83.1%, and 76.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results of our network meta-analysis suggest that EHDS may be the best strategy for vitamin D supplementation to reduce inflammatory responses as well as improve insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023387775.
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Drought mitigates the adverse effects of O3 on plant photosynthesis rather than growth: A global meta-analysis considering plant functional types.
Shang, B, Agathokleous, E, Calatayud, V, Peng, J, Xu, Y, Li, S, Liu, S, Feng, Z
Plant, cell & environment. 2024;(4):1269-1284
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3 ) is a phytotoxic air pollutant adversely affecting plant growth. High O3 exposures are often concurrent with summer drought. The effects of both stresses on plants are complex, and their interactions are not yet well understood. Here, we investigate whether drought can mitigate the negative effects of O3 on plant physiology and growth based on a meta-analysis. We found that drought mitigated the negative effects of O3 on plant photosynthesis, but the modification of the O3 effect on the whole-plant biomass by drought was not significant. This is explained by a compensatory response of water-deficient plants that leads to increased metabolic costs. Relative to water control condition, reduced water treatment decreased the effects of O3 on photosynthetic traits, and leaf and root biomass in deciduous broadleaf species, while all traits in evergreen coniferous species showed no significant response. This suggested that the mitigating effects of drought on the negative impacts of O3 on the deciduous broadleaf species were more extensive than on the evergreen coniferous ones. Therefore, to avoid over- or underestimations when assessing the impact of O3 on vegetation growth, soil moisture should be considered. These results contribute to a better understanding of terrestrial ecosystem responses under global change.
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The effect of GnRH analog treatment on BMI in children treated for precocious puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhu, X, Qin, J, Xue, W, Li, S, Zhao, M, Yingliang Jin,
Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM. 2024;(4):297-308
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate the effect of GnRHa treatment on the BMI of children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before, and to analyze the effect of GnRHa treatment on the body composition of children with precocious puberty at different BMIs by classifying into normal body mass, overweight, and obese groups according to BMI at the time of initial diagnosis. CONTENT A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database), and Wan fang database for relevant literature on standard deviation score of body mass index (BMI-SDS) after GnRHa treatment as compared to before in children with precocious puberty. SUMMARY A total of eight studies were included with a total sample size of 715 cases, and the results of meta-analysis showed that BMI-SDS increased in children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before starting [(weighted mean difference (WMD)=0.23, 95 % CI: 0.14-0.33, p=0.000)] and also increased in children with normal body mass [(WMD=0.37, 95 % CI: 0.28-0.46, p=0.000)], and there was no significant change in BMI-SDS in children in the overweight or obese group [(WMD=0.01, 95 % CI: -0.08-0.10, p=0.775)]. OUTLOOK Overall, there was an observed increase in BMI-SDS at the conclusion of GnRHa treatment in children with precocious puberty. Additionally, it was found that the effect of GnRHa treatment on body composition varied among children with different BMI status. Clinicians should emphasize the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and personalized dietary management for children.