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Genetic Variants in the ELOVL5 but not ELOVL2 Gene Associated with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Han Chinese Breast Milk.
Li, X, Gan, ZW, Ding, Z, Wu, YX, Chen, XY, Tian, HM, Liu, GL, Yang, YT, Xie, L
Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES. 2017;(1):64-67
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Abstract
The present study was designed to examine the contributions of the fatty acid elongase (ELOVL) gene polymorphisms to the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in breast milk. Two hundred and nine healthy Han Chinese mothers were included in the study. Carriers of minor alleles of SNPs (rs2397142 and rs9357760) in ELOVL5 were associated with higher levels of linoleic acid (LA), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), arachidonic acid (AA), docosatetraenoic acid (DTA), docosahexenoic acid (DHA), while in rs209512 of ELOVL5 the carriers of minor alleles had lower levels of DTA compared to major homozygote alleles (P ranged from 0.004-0.046), and genetically explained variability ranged from 3.2% for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to 6.0% for LA. Our findings demonstrated that common variation in ELOVL5 gene encoding rate-limiting enzymes in the metabolism of PUFAs contribute to the PUFAs in breast milk.
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Association of polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast milk with fatty acid desaturase gene polymorphisms among Chinese lactating mothers.
Ding, Z, Liu, GL, Li, X, Chen, XY, Wu, YX, Cui, CC, Zhang, X, Yang, G, Xie, L
Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. 2016;:66-71
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fatty acid desaturase (FADS) controls polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis in human tissues and breast milk. DESIGN Evaluate the influence of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and various haplotypes in the FADS gene cluster (FADS1, FADS2, FADS3) on PUFA concentration in the breast milk of 209 healthy Chinese women. PUFA concentrations were measured in breast milk using gas chromatography and genotyping was performed using the Sequenom Mass Array system. RESULTS A SNP (rs1535) and 2-locus haplotypes (rs3834458-rs1535, rs1535-rs174575) in the FADS2 gene were associated with concentrations of γ-linoleic acid (GLA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in breast milk. Likewise, in the FADS1 gene, a 2-locus constructed haplotype (rs174547-rs174553) also affected GLA and AA concentration (P<0.05 for all). Minor allele carriers of the SNP and haplotypes described above had lower concentrations of GLA and AA. In the FADS2 gene, the 3-locus haplotype rs3834458-rs1535-rs174575, significantly affected concentrations of GLA but not AA. Pairwise comparison showed that individuals major homozygous for the SNP rs1000778 in the FADS3 gene had lower concentrations of ALA and linoleic acid (LA) in their breast milk. CONCLUSION Polymorphisms in the FADS gene cluster influence PUFA concentrations in the breast milk of Chinese Han lactating women.