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Association between tea consumption and risk of cancer: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.
Li, X, Yu, C, Guo, Y, Bian, Z, Shen, Z, Yang, L, Chen, Y, Wei, Y, Zhang, H, Qiu, Z, et al
European journal of epidemiology. 2019;(8):753-763
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Abstract
Current experimental and epidemiological studies provide inconsistent evidence toward the association between tea consumption and cancer incidence. We investigated whether tea consumption was associated with the incidence of all cancers and six leading types of cancer (lung cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, female breast cancer and cervix uteri cancer) among 455,981 participants aged 30-79 years in the prospective cohort China Kadoorie Biobank. Tea consumption was assessed at baseline (2004-2008) with an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Cancer cases were identified by linkage to the national health insurance system. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In the present population, daily tea consumers were more likely to be current smokers and daily alcohol consumers. 22,652 incident cancers occurred during 10.1 years follow-up (5.04 cases/1000 person-years). When we restricted analyses to non-smokers and non-excessive alcohol consumers to minimize confounding, tea consumption was not associated with all cancers (daily consumers who added tea leaves > 4.0 g/day vs. less-than-weekly consumers: HR, 1.03; 95%CI, 0.93-1.13), lung cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.84-1.40), colorectal cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.81-1.45) and liver cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.75-1.55), yet might be associated with increased risk of stomach cancer (HR, 1.46; CI, 1.07-1.99). In both less-than-daily and daily tea consumers, all cancer risk increased with the amount of tobacco smoked or alcohol consumed. Our findings suggest tea consumption may not provide preventive effect against cancer incidence.
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Prediction of the 20-year incidence of diabetes in older Chinese: Application of the competing risk method in a longitudinal study.
Liu, X, Fine, JP, Chen, Z, Liu, L, Li, X, Wang, A, Guo, J, Tao, L, Mahara, G, Tang, Z, et al
Medicine. 2016;(40):e5057
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Abstract
The competing risk method has become more acceptable for time-to-event data analysis because of its advantage over the standard Cox model in accounting for competing events in the risk set. This study aimed to construct a prediction model for diabetes using a subdistribution hazards model.We prospectively followed 1857 community residents who were aged ≥ 55 years, free of diabetes at baseline examination from August 1992 to December 2012. Diabetes was defined as a self-reported history of diabetes diagnosis, taking antidiabetic medicine, or having fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. A questionnaire was used to measure diabetes risk factors, including dietary habits, lifestyle, psychological factors, cognitive function, and physical condition. Gray test and a subdistribution hazards model were used to construct a prediction algorithm for 20-year risk of diabetes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, bootstrap cross-validated Wolber concordance index (C-index) statistics, and calibration plots were used to assess model performance.During the 20-year follow-up period, 144 cases were documented for diabetes incidence with a median follow-up of 10.9 years (interquartile range: 8.0-15.3 years). The cumulative incidence function of 20-year diabetes incidence was 11.60% after adjusting for the competing risk of nondiabetes death. Gray test showed that body mass index, FPG, self-rated heath status, and physical activity were associated with the cumulative incidence function of diabetes after adjusting for age. Finally, 5 standard risk factors (poor self-rated health status [subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) = 1.73, P = 0.005], less physical activity [SHR = 1.39, P = 0.047], 55-65 years old [SHR = 4.37, P < 0.001], overweight [SHR = 2.15, P < 0.001] or obesity [SHR = 1.96, P = 0.003], and impaired fasting glucose [IFG] [SHR = 1.99, P < 0.001]) were significantly associated with incident diabetes. Model performance was moderate to excellent, as indicated by its bootstrap cross-validated discrimination C-index (0.74, 95% CI: 0.70-0.79) and calibration plot.Poor self-rated health, physical inactivity, being 55 to 65 years of age, overweight/obesity, and IFG were significant predictors of incident diabetes. Early prevention with a goal of achieving optimal levels of all risk factors should become a key element of diabetes prevention.
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SNPs and haplotypes in the S100B gene reveal association with schizophrenia.
Liu, J, Shi, Y, Tang, J, Guo, T, Li, X, Yang, Y, Chen, Q, Zhao, X, He, G, Feng, G, et al
Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2005;(1):335-41
Abstract
The S100B gene locates in 21q22.3 and produces neurotrophin mainly in astrocytes of CNS which can act as an extensive marker of glial cell integrity. The synaptic destabilization hypothesis (GGF/SD) suggests that the functional deficiency of growth factors like S100B is involved in the etiology of schizophrenia and the S100B serum concentration is reported to be significantly increased in patients with acute schizophrenia and decreased in chronic schizophrenia patients. To validate the association between S100B and schizophrenia, 384 cases and 401 controls, all Chinese Han subjects, were recruited. Four SNPs V1 (-960C>G), V2 (-111C>T), V3 (2757C>G, rs1051169), and V4 (5748C>T, rs9722) were studied. And haplotype V3-V4 (G-C) showed a significant association with schizophrenia. Our study showed an association between schizophrenia and a possible susceptible haplotype V3-V4 (G-C) which possesses a genetic tendency for increased S100B expression. Our results suggest that S100B could be a susceptible gene for schizophrenia and provide indirect evidence for the GGF/SD hypothesis.
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Association of the carboxyl-terminal PDZ ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene with schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population.
Zheng, Y, Li, H, Qin, W, Chen, W, Duan, Y, Xiao, Y, Li, C, Zhang, J, Li, X, Feng, G, et al
Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2005;(4):809-15
Abstract
Several independent linkage studies have demonstrated that the 1q22 region is likely to harbor candidate schizophrenia susceptibility genes. Recently, some genetic variants within CAPON have been reported as exhibiting significant linkage disequilibrium to schizophrenia in Canadian familial-schizophrenia pedigrees. We examined nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which span an approximately 236-kb region of CAPON, in 664 schizophrenia cases and 941 controls in the Chinese Han population. We detected a significant difference in allele distributions of SNP rs348624 (P = 0.000017). Moreover, the overall frequency of haplotypes constructed from three SNPs including rs348624 showed significant difference between cases and controls (P = 0.000025). Our findings indicate that CAPON gene may be a candidate susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in Chinese Han population, and also provide further support for the potential importance of NMDAR-mediated glutamatergic transmission in the etiology of schizophrenia.
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Identification of MRI and 1H MRSI parameters that may predict survival for patients with malignant gliomas.
Li, X, Jin, H, Lu, Y, Oh, J, Chang, S, Nelson, SJ
NMR in biomedicine. 2004;(1):10-20
Abstract
Although MR imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) have been applied in the diagnosis and treatment planning for brain tumors, their prognostic significance has not yet been determined. The goal of this study was to identify pre-treatment MRI and MRSI parameters for patients with malignant glioma that may be useful in predicting survival. Two populations of patients with newly-diagnosed malignant glioma were examined with MRI and three-dimensional proton ((1)H) MRSI. Thirty-nine patients (22 grade 3 and 17 glioblastoma multiforme, GBM) were studied prior to surgery, and 33 GBM patients were studied after surgery but prior to treatment with radiation and chemotherapy. Signal intensities of choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), and lactate/lipid (LL) were estimated from the spectra. Recursive partitioning methods were applied to parameters that included age, histological grade, MRI and MRSI variables to generate survival trees. Patients were grouped into high and low risk categories and the corresponding Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted for comparison between groups. The parameters that were selected by recursive partitioning as being predictive of poor outcome were older age, larger contrast enhancement, higher Cho-to-Cr, higher Cho-to-NAA, higher LL and lower Cr-to-NAA abnormalities. The survival functions were significantly different between the sub-groups of patients obtained from the survival tree for both pre-surgery and post-surgery data. The results of this study suggest that pre-treatment MRI and three-dimensional (1)H-MRSI provide information that predicts outcome for patients with malignant gliomas and have drawn attention to variables that should be examined prospectively in future studies using these techniques.