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Analysis of biomarkers and metabolic pathways in patients with unstable angina based on ultra‑high‑performance liquid chromatography‑quadrupole time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry.
Liu, Y, Li, Y, Zhang, T, Zhao, H, Fan, S, Cai, X, Liu, Y, Li, Z, Gao, S, Li, Y, et al
Molecular medicine reports. 2020;(5):3862-3872
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Abstract
Unstable angina (UA) is a coronary disease with a high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study aimed to use non‑invasive techniques to identify urine biomarkers in patients with UA, so as to provide more information for the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Based on metabolomics, urine samples from 28 patients with UA and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed using ultra‑high‑performance liquid chromatography‑quadrupole time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‑Q‑TOF/MS). A total of 16 significant biomarkers that could distinguish between patients with UA and HCs, including D‑glucuronic acid, creatinine, succinic acid and N‑acetylneuraminic acid, were identified. The major metabolic pathways associated with UA were subsequently analyzed by non‑targeted metabolomics. The results demonstrated that amino acid and energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthetic metabolism may serve important roles in UA. The results of the current study may provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis of UA and novel treatment strategies for clinicians. The trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (registration no. ChiCTR‑ROC‑17013957) at Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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Phase II prospective randomized trial of weight loss prior to radical prostatectomy.
Henning, SM, Galet, C, Gollapudi, K, Byrd, JB, Liang, P, Li, Z, Grogan, T, Elashoff, D, Magyar, CE, Said, J, et al
Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases. 2018;(2):212-220
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with poorly differentiated and advanced prostate cancer and increased mortality. In preclinical models, caloric restriction delays prostate cancer progression and prolongs survival. We sought to determine if weight loss (WL) in men with prostate cancer prior to radical prostatectomy affects tumor apoptosis and proliferation, and if WL effects other metabolic biomarkers. METHODS In this Phase II prospective trial, overweight and obese men scheduled for radical prostatectomy were randomized to a 5-8 week WL program consisting of standard structured energy-restricted meal plans (1200-1500 Kcal/day) and physical activity or to a control group. The primary endpoint was apoptotic index in the radical prostatectomy malignant epithelium. Secondary endpoints were proliferation (Ki67) in the radical prostatectomy tissue, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio, body composition, and serum PSA, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, testosterone, estradiol, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, insulin-like growth factor 1, and IGF binding protein 1. RESULTS In total 23 patients were randomized to the WL intervention and 21 patients to the control group. Subjects in the intervention group had significantly more weight loss (WL:-3.7 ± 0.5 kg; Control:-1.6 ± 0.5 kg; p = 0.007) than the control group and total fat mass was significantly reduced (WL:-2.1 ± 0.4; Control: 0.1 ± 0.3; p = 0.015). There was no significant difference in apoptotic or proliferation index between the groups. Among the other biomarkers, triglyceride, and insulin levels were significantly decreased in the WL compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this short-term WL program prior to radical prostatectomy resulted in significantly more WL in the intervention vs. the control group and was accompanied by significant reductions in body fat mass, circulating triglycerides, and insulin. However, no significant changes were observed in malignant epithelium apoptosis or proliferation. Future studies should consider a longer term or more intensive weight loss intervention.
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Serum ARCHITECT PIVKA-II reference interval in healthy Chinese adults: Sub-analysis from a prospective multicenter study.
Yan, C, Hu, J, Yang, J, Chen, Z, Li, H, Wei, L, Zhang, W, Xing, H, Sang, G, Wang, X, et al
Clinical biochemistry. 2018;:32-36
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) has been widely used as a biomarker for liver cancer diagnosis in Japan for decades. However, the reference intervals for serum ARCHITECT PIVKA-II have not been established in the Chinese population. Thus, this study aimed to measure serum PIVKA-II levels in healthy Chinese subjects. METHODS This is a sub-analysis from the prospective, cross-sectional and multicenter study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03047603). A total of 892 healthy participants (777 Han and 115 Uygur) with complete health checkup results were recruited from 7 regional centers in China. Serum PIVKA-II level was measured by ARCHITECT immunoassay. All 95% reference ranges were estimated by nonparametric method. RESULTS The distribution of PIVKA-II values showed significant difference with ethnicity and sex, but not age. The 95% reference range of PIVKA-II was 13.62-40.38 mAU/ml in Han Chinese subjects and 15.16-53.74 mAU/ml in Uygur subjects. PIVKA-II level was significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.001). The 95% reference range of PIVKA-II was 15.39-42.01 mAU/ml in Han males while 11.96-39.13 mAU/ml in Han females. CONCLUSIONS The reference interval of serum PIVKA-II on the Architect platform was established in healthy Chinese adults. This will be valuable for future clinical and laboratory studies performed using the Architect analyzer. Different ethnic backgrounds and analytical methods underline the need for redefining the reference interval of analytes such as PIVKA-II, in central laboratories in different countries.
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Is cystatin C a better marker than creatinine for evaluating residual renal function in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis?
Yang, Q, Li, R, Zhong, Z, Mao, H, Fan, J, Lin, J, Yang, X, Wang, X, Li, Z, Yu, X
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. 2011;(10):3358-65
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current clinical assessments of residual renal function (RRF) for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients usually require 24 h of urine collection, which is sometimes difficult for patients and contributes to random errors. Objective. Our study aims to investigate whether serum cystatin C (CysC) can serve as a better marker of RRF than serum creatinine (Cr) in CAPD and to develop a formula to estimate RRF with CysC levels. METHODS One hundred and sixty CAPD patients from a single dialysis unit were randomly divided into modeling (n(1) = 120) and validation (n(2) = 40) groups. RRF was assessed as the average of the renal clearances of urea and creatinine. We then derived RRF formulas based on the CysC and Cr levels from the modeling group and validated them by comparison with a published CysC-based equation and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. RESULTS CysC levels were inversely related to RRF, Kt/V(urea) and total weekly Ccr but were unrelated to age, gender, body mass index, diabetes or peritoneal clearance. The RRF formulas derived from CysC and Cr were (sinh(ln(6.736-0.566 CysC)))(2) and (sinh(ln(6.097-0.265 Cr)))(2), respectively. When applied to the validation group, the estimated RRF based on CysC (2.8 ± 1.2 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) was similar to that of on Cr (2.8 ± 1.3 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) and the measured RRF (2.9 ± 1.7 mL/min/1.73 m(2)). The CysC formula showed a small bias, with the best 30 and 50% accuracy and had a larger area under the curve and higher sensitivity and specificity when compared to the Cr formula and other formulas. CONCLUSION Serum CysC may be a good marker for the estimation of RRF in CAPD patients. The derived CysC formula may be used to reliably estimate RRF in CAPD patients without the need for collection of 24 h urine.