1.
Myo-inositol lowers the risk of developing gestational diabetic mellitus in pregnancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.
Guo, X, Guo, S, Miao, Z, Li, Z, Zhang, H
Journal of diabetes and its complications. 2018;(3):342-348
Abstract
AIMS: to explore the potential benefit of myo-inositol on pregnant women with high risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane library were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing myo-inositol with placebo for pregnant women with risk factors of GDM. Primary outcome were the incidence of GDM and birth weight. Secondary outcomes included fasting, 1h, and 2h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and complications. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed on primary outcomes to confirm the pooled results. Number needed to treat (NNT) was calculated to show the efficacy of myo-inositol supplement. RESULTS Four RCTs with 586 patients were included. Compared with placebo, patients with myo-inositol supplement had significantly lower the risk of developing GDM (RR=0.44, 95% CI [0.32, 0.62], P<0.0001) without heterogeneity (I2=0%, P=0.99), which was confirmed by TSA. NNT was 6.2 and rounded to 7. Myo-inositol did not significantly decrease birth weight (60.60g, 95% CI [-177.21, 56.02], P=0.31) with significant heterogeneity (I2=52%, P=0.12), but was not confirmed by TSA. Myo-inositol supplement was related to significantly lower fasting, 1h, and 2h OGTT value and the incidence of pre-term delivery. Difference was not significant between myo-inositol and placebo regarding incidence of other complications. CONCLUSION Myo-inositol is related to lower incidence of GDM, as well as fasting, 1h, and 2h OGTT value, in pregnant women with high risk of this condition. Myo-inositol might not be related to a lower birth weight, which needs further confirmation.
2.
High-frequency rTMS treatment increases left prefrontal myo-inositol in young patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Zheng, H, Zhang, L, Li, L, Liu, P, Gao, J, Liu, X, Zou, J, Zhang, Y, Liu, J, Zhang, Z, et al
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry. 2010;(7):1189-95
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging studies suggest that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in the pathophysiology of major depression. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as an antidepressant intervention has increasingly been investigated in the last two decades. In this study metabolic changes within PFC of severely depressed patients before and after rTMS were evaluated by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). METHOD Thirty-four young depressed patients with treatment-resistant unipolar depression were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized study active ((n=19) vs. sham(n=15)), and the PFC was investigated before and after high-frequency (15 Hz) rTMS using 3-tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Response was defined as a 50% reduction of the Hamilton depression rating scale. The results were compared with 28 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RESULTS In depressive patients a significant reduction in myo-inositol (m-Ino) was observed pre-rTMS (p<0.001). After successful treatment, m-Ino increased significantly in left PFC and the levels no longer differed from those of age-matched controls. In addition to a positive correlation between clinical improvement and an increment in m-Ino ratio, a correlation between clinical improvement and early age onset was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the notion that major depressive disorder is accompanied by state-dependent metabolic alterations, especially in myo-inositol metabolism, which can be partly reversed by successful rTMS.