1.
Prolactin Is Associated With Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Infertile Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Yang, H, Lin, J, Li, H, Liu, Z, Chen, X, Chen, Q
Frontiers in endocrinology. 2021;:571229
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study aimed to investigate if serum prolactin (PRL) levels associated with insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional study performed in the reproductive medicine center of the first affiliated hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. From January 2007 to August 2018, a total of 792 PCOS and 700 non-PCOS infertile women were included. All patients' prolactin levels were in the normal range. PCOS was diagnosed according to the Rotterdam Criteria. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, serum prolactin levels, sex hormones, fasting lipids, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS) and hepatic biological parameters were measured in all subjects. RESULTS Serum prolactin levels in PCOS women were significantly decreased compared with levels in non-PCOS women after adjusting for age and BMI (P < 0.05). Moreover, we found that prolactin levels were positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and negatively associated with age, BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH), estradiol (E2), FINS, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β (HOMA-β), triglyceride (TG) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age and BMI, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that LH, LH/FSH, E2, FINS, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β were negatively associated with serum PRL (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low serum PRL levels within the normal range associates with a higher incidence of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in infertile women with PCOS.
2.
Decreased insulin sensitivity and abnormal glucose metabolism start in preadolescence in low-birth-weight children-Meta-analysis and systematic review.
Xu, Y, Chen, S, Yang, H, Gong, F, Wang, L, Jiang, Y, Yan, C, Zhu, H, Pan, H
Primary care diabetes. 2019;(5):391-398
Abstract
AIMS: Our meta-analysis aimed to analyze glucose and insulin abnormalities in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) or low-birth-weight (LBW) young people. METHODS Our data were collected from several databases, including PubMed, AMED and so on. Cohort studies in English were included. SGA or LBW participants comprised the case group, while non-SGA or non-LBW participants comprised the control group. All subjects were younger than 45 years old. RESULTS Sixteen studies and 10,060 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The case group showed higher levels of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2-h glucose (mean difference (MD) = 0.32 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.52 mmol/L, P = 0.0009) and fasting and OGTT 2-h insulin than the control group (respectively, MD = 7.47 pmol/L, 95% CI 1.77-13.17 pmol/L, P = 0.01 and MD = 105.55 pmol/L, 95% CI 65.43-145.66 pmol/L, P < 0.00001). In the preadolescence group (maximum age or 95% CI of age ≤10 years old), the OGTT 2-h glucose in the case group had an upward tendency compared to the control group, while the OGTT 2-h insulin in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (MD = 118.51 pmol/L, 95% CI 56.80-180.22 pmol/L, P = 0.0002). In the adolescence group (minimum age >10 years old and maximum age≤20 years old or 10 years old<95% CI of age≤20 years old), subjects in the case group showed significantly higher fasting and OGTT 2-h glucose than did the control group (respectively, MD = 0.14 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.04-0.24 mmol/L, P = 0.005 and MD = 0.40 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.08-0.71 mmol/L, P = 0.01). However, fasting and OGTT 2-h insulin in the case group were not significantly different from those in the control group (respectively, MD = 6.56 pmol/L, 95% CI -4.54-17.65 pmol/L, P = 0.25 and MD = 65.89 pmol/L, 95% CI -50.00-181.78 pmol/L, P = 0.27). CONCLUSIONS Decreased insulin sensitivity and abnormal glucose metabolism began early in preadolescence. Furthermore, glucose tolerance was worse in adolescence. LBW or SGA status affects glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity beginning in preadolescence.