1.
The acute effect of different NAD+ precursors included in the combined metabolic activators.
Li, X, Yang, H, Jin, H, Turkez, H, Ozturk, G, Doganay, HL, Zhang, C, Nielsen, J, Uhlén, M, Borén, J, et al
Free radical biology & medicine. 2023;:77-89
Abstract
NAD+ and glutathione precursors are currently used as metabolic modulators for improving the metabolic conditions associated with various human diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, neurodegenerative diseases, mitochondrial myopathy, and age-induced diabetes. Here, we performed a one-day double blinded, placebo-controlled human clinical study to assess the safety and acute effects of six different Combined Metabolic Activators (CMAs) with 1 g of different NAD+ precursors based on global metabolomics analysis. Our integrative analysis showed that the NAD+ salvage pathway is the main source for boosting the NAD+ levels with the administration of CMAs without NAD+ precursors. We observed that incorporation of nicotinamide (Nam) in the CMAs can boost the NAD+ products, followed by niacin (NA), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), but not flush free niacin (FFN). In addition, the NA administration led to a flushing reaction, accompanied by decreased phospholipids and increased bilirubin and bilirubin derivatives, which could be potentially risky. In conclusion, this study provided a plasma metabolomic landscape of different CMA formulations, and proposed that CMAs with Nam, NMN as well as NR can be administered for boosting NAD+ levels to improve altered metabolic conditions.
2.
Clinical observation of the efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium in prophylaxis of the deep venous thrombosis following the gynecological tumor surgery.
Wei, N, Qi, Y, Yang, H, Guo, L
Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2018;(6(Special)):2835-2839
Abstract
Present study is conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of application of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium in the prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following the laparoscopic surgery for gynecological tumors, so as to provide reference for the selection of anti-coagulant procedure in clinical practice. A total of 180 patients who underwent the laparoscopic surgery for the gynecological tumors in this hospital between January 2015 and December 2017 were enrolled in this study, and according to the anti-coagulant procedure, they were divided into two groups, i.e. the control group and the observation group, with 90 patients in each group. In the control group, 90 patients were free from the anti-coagulant agent or drugs affecting the coagulant functions, while those in the observation group received the subcutaneous injection of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium for consecutive 5 days. Then we compared the serological indicators, prothrombin time (PT), cross-section diameter of the lower limb, hemodynamic indicator and the incidence rate of complications. Following postoperative 5 days, the levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer in the observation group were (2.66±0.72) g/L and (0.61±0.17) μg/mL, significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences had statistical significance (t=4.667, P=0.019; t=3.967, P= 0.029). At 3 d and 5 d after operation, PTs in the observation group were (13.74±3.92) s and (13.84±3.13) s, also superior to the control group (t=3.031, P=0.042; t=3.553, P =0.034). In the observation group, the cross-section diameter of lower limb and blood flow rate were (20.22±3.51) cm and (0.93±0.17) m/s, respectively, which were better than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (t=4.412, P=0.021; t =4.724, P=0.019). In the observation group, the incidence rate of complications was only 3.33%, significantly lower than 10.00% in the control group (c2 =6.158, P=0.004). The application of the low-molecular-weight heparin calcium for anti-coagulation in the prophylaxis of the DVT following the laparoscopic surgery of gynecological tumor can better ameliorate the hemodynamics of patients, and prevent the formation of DVT.
3.
B vitamin supplementation improves cognitive function in the middle aged and elderly with hyperhomocysteinemia.
Cheng, D, Kong, H, Pang, W, Yang, H, Lu, H, Huang, C, Jiang, Y
Nutritional neuroscience. 2016;(10):461-466
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An intervention study was performed to determine if supplement containing folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 could improve cognitive function and lower homocysteine in middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperhomocysteinemia. METHODS One hundred and four participants with hyperhomocysteinemia were recruited in Tianjin, China, aged 55-94 years old. Fifty-seven individuals with hyperhomocysteinemia were included in the intervention group (vitamin B group, which received 800 µg/day of folate, with 10 mg of vitamin B6 and 25 µg of vitamin B12) and 47 patients in the placebo group. The endpoint was the improvement in cognitive function as evaluated by Basic Cognitive Aptitude Tests (BCATs). All parameters were measured before and after the treatment period of 14 weeks. RESULTS The BCAT total score and four sub-tests scores (digit copy, Chinese character rotation, digital working memory, and recognition of meaningless figure) of BCAT at 14 weeks significantly increased only for the vitamin B group. Serum total homocysteine (tHcy) levels significantly decreased in the intervention group, while serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 significantly increased in the intervention group. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that supplement containing folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 in middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperhomocysteinemia could improve their cognitive function partly and reduce serum tHcy levels.