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Association of Vitamin D or Calcium Supplementation with Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis.
Zhang, Y, Li, Y, Liu, J, Wei, X, Tan, N, Zhang, J, Wang, W, Wang, Y
The journal of nutrition, health & aging. 2021;(2):263-270
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Abstract
BACKGROUND To exploring the role of vitamin D or calcium supplementation in reducing all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS The search was restricted to systematic reviews or meta-analyses published from January 1, 2010, to July 7, 2019. An additional search was performed to identify recently published randomized controlled trials (from January 1, 2015, to July 7, 2019). Homogeneous results from different studies were pooled using Revman 5.3 software. RESULTS Twenty-three studies involving 89,251 participants were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. No associations were observed between the supplementation and composite cardiovascular outcomes, consisting of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, and other MACEs. CONCLUSIONS Whether used alone or in combination, vitamin D and calcium supplementation do not exert meaningful effects on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, MACEs or MI among community-dwelling adults.
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The effectiveness of coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, inositols, and vitamin D in improving the endocrine and metabolic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a network Meta-analysis.
Zhang, J, Xing, C, Zhao, H, He, B
Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. 2021;(12):1063-1071
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research evaluated the efficacy of oral nutritional agents including CoQ10, vitamin E, inositols and vitamin D on androgen-associated hormones, glycolipid metabolism and body weight in women with PCOS. METHOD A multi-database search was performed from inception to December 2020. Using multi-variate random effects method, a NMA was conducted by synthesizing data pooled from RCTs. It was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42021230292). RESULTS Twenty-three RCTs and 1291 participants were included. Based on NMA, CoQ10, vitamin E, CoQ10 combined with vitamin E, and inositols were successful in decreasing TT as compared with PA; vitamin E was superior to other agents. Vitamin E and inositols were successful in increasing SHBG levels; inositols were stronger than vitamin E. CoQ10 alone or combined with vitamin E, and inositols were successful in decreasing HOMA-IR. Inositols had the best results among included nutraceuticals to ameliorate HOMA-IR, FBG, FINS, TG, TC, and LDL-C and correlated to improvements in BMI. There was no significant difference between the CoQ10 or vitamin E group and the PA group in ameliorating lipid metabolism, and vitamin D had no positive effects in ameliorating hyperandrogenism, BMI, glycolipid metabolism profiles compared with PA. CONCLUSION For women with PCOS, inositols supplementation have some certain advantages in increasing SHBG and improving glycolipid metabolism when compared with nutraceuticals like CoQ10, vitamin E, vitamin D. Besides, vitamin E may be a better option in reducing TT and increasing SHBG. CoQ10 alone or combined with vitamin E can be helpful in decreasing HOMA-IR as well.
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Vitamin D and the Risks of Depression and Anxiety: An Observational Analysis and Genome-Wide Environment Interaction Study.
Zhang, Z, Yang, X, Jia, Y, Wen, Y, Cheng, S, Meng, P, Li, C, Zhang, H, Pan, C, Zhang, J, et al
Nutrients. 2021;(10)
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that vitamin D (VD) was associated with psychiatric diseases, but efforts to elucidate the functional relevance of VD with depression and anxiety from genetic perspective have been limited. Based on the UK Biobank cohort, we first calculated polygenic risk score (PRS) for VD from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of VD. Linear and logistic regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the associations of VD traits with depression and anxiety traits, respectively. Then, using individual genotype and phenotype data from the UK Biobank, genome-wide environment interaction studies (GWEIS) were performed to identify the potential effects of gene × VD interactions on the risks of depression and anxiety traits. In the UK Biobank cohort, we observed significant associations of blood VD level with depression and anxiety traits, as well as significant associations of VD PRS and depression and anxiety traits. GWEIS identified multiple candidate loci, such as rs114086183 (p = 4.11 × 10-8, LRRTM4) for self-reported depression status and rs149760119 (p = 3.88 × 10-8, GNB5) for self-reported anxiety status. Our study results suggested that VD was negatively associated with depression and anxiety. GWEIS identified multiple candidate genes interacting with VD, providing novel clues for understanding the biological mechanism potential associations between VD and psychiatric disorders.
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Effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on the outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Zhang, J, Chen, C, Yang, J
Chinese medical journal. 2019;(24):2950-2959
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most debilitating diseases worldwide. Current studies have shown that vitamin D plays a significant role in host immune defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but clinical trials reported inconsistent results. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the literature to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation could improve the effect of anti-TB therapy. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception to February 8th, 2019 for randomized controlled trials on vitamin D supplementation in patients with pulmonary TB receiving anti-TB therapy. The primary outcomes were time to sputum culture and smear conversion and proportion of participants with negative sputum culture. The secondary outcomes were clinical response to treatment and adverse events. A random-effects model was used to pool studies. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS Five studies with a total of 1126 participants were included in our meta-analysis. Vitamin D supplementation did not shorten the time to sputum culture and smear conversion (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-1.23, P = 0.60; HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.93-1.41, P = 0.20, respectively) and did not lead to an increase in the proportion of participants with negative sputum culture (relative risk [RR] 1.04, 95% CI 0.97-1.11, P = 0.32). However, it reduced the time to sputum culture conversion in the sub-group of participants with TaqI tt genotype (HR 8.09, 95% CI 1.39-47.09, P = 0.02) and improved the multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB sputum culture conversion rate (RR 2.40, 95% CI 1.11-5.18, P = 0.03). There was no influence on secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation had no beneficial effect on anti-TB treatment, but it reduced the time to sputum culture conversion in participants with tt genotype of the TaqI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and improved the MDR TB sputum culture conversion rate.