1.
Combination treatment of bamboo shoot dietary fiber and dynamic high-pressure microfluidization on rice starch: Influence on physicochemical, structural, and in vitro digestion properties.
Wang, N, Wu, L, Huang, S, Zhang, Y, Zhang, F, Zheng, J
Food chemistry. 2021;:128724
Abstract
The physicochemical, structural properties and digestibility of rice starch treated by bamboo shoot dietary fiber (BSDF) combined with dynamic high-pressure microfluidization (DHPM) were investigated. Compared with starch modified by BSDF alone, the combination treatment decreased the pasting viscosity and viscoelasticity of starch. Furthermore, the pasting viscosity and viscoelasticity showed an increase from 50 to 100 MPa and then decreased after increasing the pressure to 150 and 200 MPa. The enthalpy of gelatinization and relative crystallinity of starch treated by BSDF and 100 MPa DHPM significantly increased by 17% and 63%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated that flaky BSDF coated on starch granules to form a protective layer. As a result, the fractions of resistant starch increased and the starch hydrolysis extent and rate decreased under 100 MPa DHPM. This study highlights an innovative and promising strategy for improving the properties of starch and facilitating its utilization.
2.
Impact of a low-carbohydrate and high-fiber diet on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Chen, J, Huang, Y, Xie, H, Bai, H, Lin, G, Dong, Y, Shi, D, Wang, J, Zhang, Q, Zhang, Y, et al
Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition. 2020;(3):483-490
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To study the effects of a low-carbohydrate and high-fiber diet and education on patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN We randomly divided 44 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease into two groups: low-carbohydrate and high-fiber diet and education (intervention group), and education alone (control group). Liver and kidney function, fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance index, body composition, and controlled attenuation parameter were detected before and after the intervention. RESULTS After 2 months, the body fat, body weight, abdominal circumference, and visceral fat area, fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance index, and levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, uric acid, and insulin of the intervention group were significantly lower than before (p<0.05). In the female intervention group, the insulin resistance index and levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, triglyceride, fasting plasma glucose, and C-peptide were lower and the level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher than in the female control group (p<0.05). In the male intervention group, the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, and fasting plasma glucose were lower and the level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher compared with the male control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A low-carbohydrate and high-fiber diet and education can effectively reduce the body weight and body fat of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and improve metabolic indicators such as liver enzymes, blood glucose, blood lipid, and uric acid. Our female patients showed significantly better improvement in the indicators than our male patients.