1.
Selective Enrichment of Clostridium Spp. by Nutrition Control from Sihe Coal Geological Microbial Communities.
Xiao, D, Yuan, X, Wang, M, He, H, Essengue Samboukel, MLP, Zhang, Y, Wang, E
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. 2020;(3):952-964
Abstract
In the coal biogasification, butyric acid is an important intermediate product. The enrichment of butyric acid-producing bacteria in coal geological methanogens is critical to confirm this assertion. Therefore, to study a method for enrichment of butyric acid-producing bacteria and to explore characteristic factors for evaluating the enrichment effect would be the basis for further strain isolation and metabolomics research. In this study, the nutrition control method was used for the butyric acid-producing bacteria enrichment from concentrated bacteria solution in Sihe coal seam. The characteristic factors' changes in gas production, gas composition, butyric acid concentration, and pH were observed and analyzed in the experiment. High-throughput sequencing was used as a verification method to validate the medium and genera enrichment effect that can be used for the butyric acid-producing bacteria. Through experimental research and analysis, it was identified that the glucose-sucrose-maltose medium was the beneficial medium to the enrichment of butyric acid-producing bacteria, and the high-throughput sequencing determined that the enriched genera were Clostridium spp. Glucose-sucrose-maltose medium experimental data confirmed that the decrease of CO2 and H2 daily yield, the increase of butyric acid concentration, and the decrease of pH value had a significant positive correlation with the enrichment of Clostridium spp.
2.
Amino acid transporter SLC7A11/xCT at the crossroads of regulating redox homeostasis and nutrient dependency of cancer.
Koppula, P, Zhang, Y, Zhuang, L, Gan, B
Cancer communications (London, England). 2018;(1):12
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Abstract
Cancer cells often upregulate nutrient transporters to fulfill their increased biosynthetic and bioenergetic needs, and to maintain redox homeostasis. One nutrient transporter frequently overexpressed in human cancers is the cystine/glutamate antiporter solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11; also known as xCT). SLC7A11 promotes cystine uptake and glutathione biosynthesis, resulting in protection from oxidative stress and ferroptotic cell death. Recent studies have unexpectedly revealed that SLC7A11 also plays critical roles in glutamine metabolism and regulates the glucose and glutamine dependency of cancer cells. This review discusses the roles of SLC7A11 in regulating the antioxidant response and nutrient dependency of cancer cells, explores our current understanding of SLC7A11 regulation in cancer metabolism, and highlights key open questions for future studies in this emerging research area. A deeper understanding of SLC7A11 in cancer metabolism may identify new therapeutic opportunities to target this important amino acid transporter for cancer treatment.