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1.
Dissection of Molecular Processes and Genetic Architecture Underlying Iron and Zinc Homeostasis for Biofortification: From Model Plants to Common Wheat.
Tong, J, Sun, M, Wang, Y, Zhang, Y, Rasheed, A, Li, M, Xia, X, He, Z, Hao, Y
International journal of molecular sciences. 2020;(23)
Abstract
The micronutrients iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are not only essential for plant survival and proliferation but are crucial for human health. Increasing Fe and Zn levels in edible parts of plants, known as biofortification, is seen a sustainable approach to alleviate micronutrient deficiency in humans. Wheat, as one of the leading staple foods worldwide, is recognized as a prioritized choice for Fe and Zn biofortification. However, to date, limited molecular and physiological mechanisms have been elucidated for Fe and Zn homeostasis in wheat. The expanding molecular understanding of Fe and Zn homeostasis in model plants is providing invaluable resources to biofortify wheat. Recent advancements in NGS (next generation sequencing) technologies coupled with improved wheat genome assembly and high-throughput genotyping platforms have initiated a revolution in resources and approaches for wheat genetic investigations and breeding. Here, we summarize molecular processes and genes involved in Fe and Zn homeostasis in the model plants Arabidopsis and rice, identify their orthologs in the wheat genome, and relate them to known wheat Fe/Zn QTL (quantitative trait locus/loci) based on physical positions. The current study provides the first inventory of the genes regulating grain Fe and Zn homeostasis in wheat, which will benefit gene discovery and breeding, and thereby accelerate the release of Fe- and Zn-enriched wheats.
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2.
Baseline Plasma Zinc and Risk of First Stroke in Hypertensive Patients: A Nested Case-Control Study.
Zhang, J, Cao, J, Zhang, Y, Li, H, Zhang, H, Huo, Y, Li, J, Liu, X, Wang, X, Qin, X, et al
Stroke. 2019;(11):3255-3258
Abstract
Background and Purpose- We aimed to examine the relation of baseline plasma zinc with the risk of first stroke and investigate any possible effect modifiers in hypertensive patients. Methods- The study population was drawn from the CSPPT (China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial), using a nested case-control design, including 599 first stroke cases and 599 matched controls. Results- Compared with participants with baseline plasma zinc <106.9 μg/dL (median), a significantly lower risk of first hemorrhagic stroke was found in those with plasma zinc ≥106.9 μg/dL (multivariate-adjusted odds ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21-0.94). Furthermore, the inverse plasma zinc-first hemorrhagic stroke association was significantly stronger in participants with body mass index ≥25.0 kg/m2 or plasma copper <100.1 μg/dL at baseline (Pinteraction <0.05 for both variables). However, there was no significant association between plasma zinc and first ischemic stroke (<103.3 versus ≥103.3 μg/dL [median]; multivariate-adjusted odds ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.83-1.61). Conclusions- In this sample of hypertensive patients, we found a significant, inverse association between plasma zinc and first hemorrhagic stroke. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00794885.
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3.
Association between serum zinc levels and lung cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Wang, Y, Sun, Z, Li, A, Zhang, Y
World journal of surgical oncology. 2019;(1):78
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inconsistent results according to numerous studies that had investigated the association between serum zinc levels and lung cancer risk were reported. The aim of this study was to explore whether serum zinc levels were lower in lung cancer patients than that in controls. METHODS We systematically retrieved the databases of PubMed, Wanfang, Cochrane, ScienceDirect website, CNKI, and SinoMed databases for comprehensive relevant studies published before December 2018 and conducted a meta-analysis. Standard mean differences (SMD) were pooled using a random effects model. RESULTS Thirty-two articles were eligible to investigate the correlation between serum zinc levels and lung cancer risk, involving 2894 cases and 9419 controls. The pooled results showed sufficient evidence approving the association between serum zinc levels and lung cancer risk. And the serum zinc levels in lung cancer were significantly lower than that in controls (summary SMD = - 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) = - 0.94, - 0.82). Meanwhile, consistent results were obtained both in European populations and Asian populations. No publication bias was detected in our analysis. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis suggested that serum zinc levels were significantly lower in lung cancer patients than that in controls.
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4.
The association between serum zinc level and overweight/obesity: a meta-analysis.
Gu, K, Xiang, W, Zhang, Y, Sun, K, Jiang, X
European journal of nutrition. 2019;(8):2971-2982
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between serum zinc level and overweight/obesity remains controversial. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to summarize the relationships. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and Embase for relevant English articles up to April 20, 2018. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated with the random-effect model. RESULTS For children and adults, the results showed that serum zinc level was significantly lower in the cases compared to controls ([SMD (95% CI): - 1.13 (- 2.03, - 0.23), Z = 2.45, P for Z = 0.014; I2 = 97.1%, P for I2 < 0.001] and [SMD (95% CI): - 0.41 (- 0.68, - 0.15), Z = 3.03, P for Z = 0.002; I2 = 62.9%, P for I2 = 0.009], respectively). The difference of serum zinc level between overweight adults and controls was not statistically significant [SMD (95% CI): - 0.09 (- 0.27, 0.09), Z = 0.97, P for Z = 0.334; I2 = 0.0%, P for I2 = 0.411]. In subgroup analyses, a lower serum zinc level in obese children compared with non-obese controls was observed [SMD (95% CI): - 2.14 (- 3.20, - 1.09)], and the SMD differ significantly between obese adults and controls in the case-control studies [SMD (95% CI): - 0.49 (- 0.90, - 0.08)]. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis suggested that the serum zinc level was significantly lower in obese children and adults. More large observational studies are required to confirm these results in future research.
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5.
The effect of zinc supplementation in pre-diabetes: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.
Du, X, Shi, L, Gao, H, Fu, X, Zhang, X, Zhang, Y, Xie, C
Medicine. 2019;(27):e16259
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of people with diabetes and pre-diabetes is growing exponentially. Human studies have shown that zinc supplementation is beneficial for pre-diabetes. However, owing to the low quality, small sample size, and methodological heterogeneity of these studies, this conclusion is not convincing. Consequently, in order to determine whether zinc supplementation is effective and safe in pre-diabetic patients, it is necessary to conduct a meta-analysis of high-quality clinical trials. METHODS We will retrieve MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, the Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and the ClinicalTrials.gov website without restriction on language. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Zinc supplementation for adult patients with pre-diabetes will be searched in multiple databases from inception to October 2020. The primary outcome of the meta-analysis is the HbA1c. The secondary outcomes include the fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Two assessors will utilize the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool to evaluate the RCTs and all statistical data will be analyzed by using the Review Manage software V5.3.0. RESULTS This study will provide high-quality synthesis of effectiveness and safety of zinc supplementation for pre-diabetes. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide the available evidence to assess whether the zinc supplementation is beneficial to glucose control and insulin resistance in patients with pre-diabetes. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD 42018095724.
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Assessment of Zinc Status in School-Age Children from Rural Areas in China Nutrition and Health Survey 2002 and 2012.
Liu, X, Piao, J, Zhang, Y, He, Y, Li, W, Yang, L, Yang, X
Biological trace element research. 2017;(2):194-200
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for growth and development in children, but zinc deficiency is a serious nutritional problem worldwide. Our study aimed to assess the zinc status of school-age children living in rural areas of China and to examine the change of zinc status based on the China Nutrition and Health Survey 2002 and 2012. We used the probability proportional to size sampling method for subject selection, and a total of 3407 school-age children were included in this study. Zinc status was assessed by three items of indicators recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and the International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG). The concentration of serum zinc was 718.2 μg/L, and 44.4% of children being zinc deficiency in 2002, while 846.8 μg/L and 10.4% in 2012. Zinc intake was 7.8 mg/day with a 7.6% inadequate zinc intake in 2002, together with 6.9 mg/day and 38.2% in 2012. Height-for-age Z score was -1.06 and 19.1% of children being stunting in 2002, as well as -0.15 and 6.8% in 2012. In conclusion, the zinc status of school-age children living in rural areas of China has been significantly improved in addition to zinc intake over the past 10 years. However, the zinc deficiency still observed in poor rural areas of China in 2012. In addition, we suggested that the zinc bioavailability should be taken into account when assessing zinc status in population.
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Characterization and adsorption mechanism of Zn2+ removal by PVA/EDTA resin in polluted water.
Zhang, Y, Li, Y, Yang, LQ, Ma, XJ, Wang, LY, Ye, ZF
Journal of hazardous materials. 2010;(1-3):1046-54
Abstract
Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using a PVA/EDTA resin as an adsorbent to adsorb Zn(II) ions from single component system in which experimental parameters were studied including solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal ions concentration. The equilibrium isotherms were determined at pH 6 under constant ionic strength and at different temperatures. The results showed that the maximum removal of Zn(II) (99.8%) with 1 g L(-1) of sorbent was observed at 40 mg L(-1) at an initial pH value of 6. Removals of about 60-70% occurred in 15 min, and equilibrium was attained at around 30 min. The equilibrium data for the adsorption of Zn(II) on PVA/EDTA resin was tested with various adsorption isotherm models among which three models were found to be suitable for the Zn(II) adsorption. In addition, the kinetic adsorption fitted well to the pseudo-second-order model and the corresponding rate constants were obtained. Thermodynamic aspects of the adsorption process were also investigated. Furthermore a higher desorption efficiency of Zn(II) from the PVA/EDTA resin using acid treatment was available by more than 95%.
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8.
Optimization of Xhhh strain biodegradation with metal ions for pharmaceautical wastewater treatment.
Sun, SL, Wu, B, Zhao, DY, Zhang, XX, Zhang, Y, Li, WX, Cheng, SP
Journal of environmental biology. 2009;(5 Suppl):877-82
Abstract
Effects of three ions, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ on biological treatment of pharmaceutical wastewaterby a functional strain Xhhh were investigated. Through orthogonal tests, Cu2+ was determined to be the most important factor influencing Xhhh biodegradation performance. Biodegradation kinetic experiments demonstrated that with Cu+ concentration at about 200 mg l(-1), the maximum of specific growth rate and specific degradation rate were obtained to be 0.033 and 0.075 d(-1), respectively. The optimal levels of Mn2+ (5.00 mg I(-1)), Cu2+ (2.00 mg l(-1)) and Zn2+ (5.00 mg l(-1)) were achieved based on experimental results of their effects on the activities of manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase, and biodegradation kinetic parameters. Among three types of biodegradation kinetic models (Monod, Tessier and Contois), Tessier model was found most reasonable for kinetics description of Xhhh growth (R2 = 0.995) and pollutants degradation (R2 = 0.970) in the case of metals optimization. Both kinetics evaluation and experimental results demonstrated that optimization with the three metals made a great contribution to Xhhh growth and COD removal for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.