1.
Respiratory electrophysiologic studies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Wang, Y, Liu, N, Zhang, Z
Medicine. 2019;(1):e13993
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Abstract
Respiratory failure is common during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD). Phrenic nerve conduction (PNC), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and cervical magnetic stimulation (CMS) are of great value in identifying the feature and site of AE-COPD.PNC, TMS, and CMS were performed in 20 AE-COPD patients with respiratory failure, and re-examined after weaning. Latencies and amplitudes of the diaphragmatic compound muscle action potential (dCMAP), motor evoked potential of the diaphragm (dMEP) evoked by TMS and CMS, and central motor conduction time (CMCT) were measured. Blood gas analysis and serum electrolyte levels were also evaluated. The results were compared with those from 20 healthy subjects.AE-COPD patients showed prolonged CMCT and latencies of dCMAP and dMEP, decreased amplitudes of dCMAP and dMEP evoked by CMS, while CMCT and the latency of dMEP evoked by TMS were shortened after weaning. Significant correlation was identified between arterial blood gas analysis, serum electrolyte levels, disease duration, the duration of mechanical ventilation and the electrophysiological findings in AE-COPD patients prior to weaning.The central and peripheral respiratory pathway is involved in AE-COPD. Central respiratory pathway function is improved after weaning in AE-COPD patients with respiratory failure.
2.
High-frequency rTMS treatment increases left prefrontal myo-inositol in young patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Zheng, H, Zhang, L, Li, L, Liu, P, Gao, J, Liu, X, Zou, J, Zhang, Y, Liu, J, Zhang, Z, et al
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry. 2010;(7):1189-95
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging studies suggest that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in the pathophysiology of major depression. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as an antidepressant intervention has increasingly been investigated in the last two decades. In this study metabolic changes within PFC of severely depressed patients before and after rTMS were evaluated by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). METHOD Thirty-four young depressed patients with treatment-resistant unipolar depression were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized study active ((n=19) vs. sham(n=15)), and the PFC was investigated before and after high-frequency (15 Hz) rTMS using 3-tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Response was defined as a 50% reduction of the Hamilton depression rating scale. The results were compared with 28 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RESULTS In depressive patients a significant reduction in myo-inositol (m-Ino) was observed pre-rTMS (p<0.001). After successful treatment, m-Ino increased significantly in left PFC and the levels no longer differed from those of age-matched controls. In addition to a positive correlation between clinical improvement and an increment in m-Ino ratio, a correlation between clinical improvement and early age onset was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the notion that major depressive disorder is accompanied by state-dependent metabolic alterations, especially in myo-inositol metabolism, which can be partly reversed by successful rTMS.