1.
The association between insulin resistance and atrial fibrillation: A cross-sectional analysis from SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial).
Cho, ME, Craven, TE, Cheung, AK, Glasser, SP, Rahman, M, Soliman, EZ, Stafford, RS, Johnson, KC, Bates, JT, Burgner, A, et al
Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.). 2017;(11):1152-1161
Abstract
It is unclear whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) in an older population with greater cardiovascular risk, including those with chronic kidney disease. The authors investigated the association between MetS and AF in participants in SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial). MetS was defined based on the Modified Third National Cholesterol Education Program. The baseline prevalence rate for MetS was 55%, while 8.2% of the participants had AF. In multivariate regression analyses, AF was not associated with presence of MetS in either chronic kidney disease or non-chronic kidney disease subgroups. Age, race, history of cardiovascular diseases, decreased triglycerides, decreased pulse pressure, and albuminuria remained significantly associated with AF risk. In contrast to the general population, MetS was not associated with AF in the older population with increased cardiovascular risk studied in SPRINT.
2.
Antenatal micronutrient supplementation reduces metabolic syndrome in 6- to 8-year-old children in rural Nepal.
Stewart, CP, Christian, P, Schulze, KJ, Leclerq, SC, West, KP, Khatry, SK
The Journal of nutrition. 2009;(8):1575-81
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
Previously, we showed that antenatal micronutrient supplementation increases birth weight in a malnourished rural South Asian setting, but the long-term effects are unknown. Between 1999 and 2001, pregnant women were sector-randomized to receive from early pregnancy through 3 mo postpartum daily micronutrient supplements containing either vitamin A alone as the control or with folic acid; folic acid+iron; folic acid+iron+zinc; or a multiple micronutrient supplement that included the above nutrients plus 11 others. From 2006 to 2008, 3524 children (93% of surviving children) were revisited between the ages of 6 and 8 y. Blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and the urinary microalbumin:creatinine ratio were assessed among children. Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and metabolic syndrome was defined using a modified National Cholesterol Education Program definition. None of the micronutrient supplement combinations affected blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, or HOMA. There was a reduced risk of microalbuminuria (> or =3.40 mg/mmol creatinine) in the folic acid [odds ratio (OR), 0.56; 95%CI, 0.33-0.93; P = 0.02) and folic acid+iron+zinc (OR, 0.53; CI, 0.32-0.89; P = 0.02) groups and a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome in the folic acid group (OR, 0.63; CI, 0.41-0.97; P = 0.03). Maternal supplementation with folic acid or folic acid+iron+zinc reduced the risk of kidney dysfunction and, to some extent, metabolic syndrome among children at 6-8 y of age. Supplementation with multiple micronutrients had no such affect. Future follow-up studies are needed to examine long-term supplementation effects on risk of chronic diseases in adults.