1.
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism is associated with increased body mass index and insulin resistance measures in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
Bonaccorso, S, Sodhi, M, Li, J, Bobo, WV, Chen, Y, Tumuklu, M, Theleritis, C, Jayathilake, K, Meltzer, HY
Bipolar disorders. 2015;(5):528-35
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We tested the hypothesis that a common functional variant in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Val66Met, which has been shown to be associated with increased body mass index (BMI) in schizophrenia (SCZ) and schizoaffective disorder (SAD), is also associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain in bipolar disorder (BPD). Association of Val66Met with other metabolic measures, including high- and low-density cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and hemoglobin A1c, was also tested. METHODS This was a 12-month, prospective, randomized trial of two atypical antipsychotic drugs (APDs) with moderate (risperidone) or high (olanzapine) risk to cause weight gain. Subjects were diagnosed as having BPD (n = 90) and SCZ or SAD (n = 76). RESULTS BMI was significantly greater in all diagnoses for Met66 allele carriers at six months (p = 0.01). Met66 carriers with BPD showed a greater increase in the triglycerides/high-density (HDL) cholesterol ratio (p = 0.01), a key marker for metabolic syndrome related to insulin resistance, and log-triglycerides (p = 0.04), after three or six months of treatment. Met66 carriers had the greatest increase in log-triglycerides (p = 0.03) and triglycerides/HDL cholesterol ratio after three months of treatment with risperidone (p = 0.003), and the highest BMI at six months (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The positive association of BNDF Val66Met with high BMI values replicates previous findings in patients with SCZ and indicates the BDNF Val66Met genotype as a potential risk factor for obesity and insulin resistance measures in patients with BPD receiving antipsychotics as well.
2.
Influence of aerobic training and detraining on serum BDNF, insulin resistance, and metabolic risk factors in middle-aged men diagnosed with metabolic syndrome.
Damirchi, A, Tehrani, BS, Alamdari, KA, Babaei, P
Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine. 2014;(6):513-8
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the influence of aerobic exercise training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin resistance, and lipid profile in middle-aged men diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS). DESIGN This is an experimental repeated measure study. SETTING Subjects participated in aerobic training programs (18 sessions of 25-40 minutes per session) in Guilan University gymnasium and court. PARTICIPANTS A total of 21 middle-aged men (50-65 years old) diagnosed with MetS participated. INTERVENTIONS We randomly divided 21 middle-aged men with MetS into exercise and control groups. The exercise group followed an aerobic training program (18 sessions, 3/wk) at 50% to 60% of V[Combining Dot Above]O2 peak (25-40 minutes per session) and 6 weeks of detraining. Blood samples were collected at baseline, end of the training, and detraining. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES High BDNF level in patients with MetS and its reduction after chronic aerobic exercise. RESULTS Aerobic training significantly decreased all the metabolic risk factors, including overall MetS z score, insulin resistance, and lipid profile (P < 0.05). After the detraining period, plasma triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, and also overall MetS z score remained unchanged (P < 0.05); however, serum BDNF, which was decreased by aerobic training (P = 0.013), restored to the baseline at the end of the detraining (P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS Improved metabolic risk factors along with decreased serum BDNF in response to aerobic training and the opposite direction during the detraining emphasize the importance of physical activity in the treatment of MetS and prevention of related diseases.
3.
BDNF, metabolic risk factors, and resistance training in middle-aged individuals.
Levinger, I, Goodman, C, Matthews, V, Hare, DL, Jerums, G, Garnham, A, Selig, S
Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2008;(3):535-41
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and physical inactivity contribute to the development of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). There appears to be an association between BDNF and risk factors for MetS, and the effects of resistance training (RT) on BDNF and metabolic risk in middle-aged individuals with high and low numbers of metabolic risk factors (HiMF and LoMF, respectively) are unclear and are the focus of this research. METHODS Forty-nine men (N = 25) and women (N = 24) aged 50.9 +/- 6.2 yr were randomized to four groups, HiMF training (HiMFT), HiMF control (HiMFC), LoMF training (LoMFT), and LoMF control (LoMFC). Before and after 10 wk of RT, participants underwent tests for muscle strength and anthropometry, and a fasting blood sample was taken. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlations and repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS BDNF was positively correlated with plasma triglycerides, glucose, HbA1C, and insulin resistance. BDNF was elevated in HiMF compared with LoMF (904.9 +/- 270.6 vs 709.6 +/- 239.8 respectively, P = 0.01). Training increased muscle strength and lean body mass but had no effect on BDNF levels or any examined risk factors. CONCLUSION BDNF levels correlated with risk factors for MetS and were elevated in individuals with HiMF. RT had no effect on BDNF levels or other risk factors for MetS. As RT has an effect on muscle strength and lean body mass, it should be added to other nonpharmacological interventions for middle-aged individuals with HiMF such as aerobic and/or diet.