1.
Diabetic retinopathy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fite, RO, Lake, EA, Hanfore, LK
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;(3):1885-1891
Abstract
AIMS: this systemic review and meta-analysis was aimed at determining the level of diabetic retinopathy among diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) were searched. The data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed by using STATA version 11. Publication bias was checked by funnel plot and more objectively through Egger's regression test, with P < 0.05 considered to indicate potential publication bias. Heterogeneity of studies was checked using the I2 test. Pooled analysis was conducted. Subgroup analysis was done by region. Sensitivity analysis was employed to see the effect of single study on the overall estimation. STATA version 11 statistical software was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS The overall prevalence of retinopathy was 19.48% (95% CI: 15.95, 23.01) Based on the subgroup analysis the prevalence of retinopathy was 12.48% in SNNPR, 24.8% in Oromia, 19.99% in Amhara, and 16.29% in Addis Ababa. CONCLUSION The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among Diabetes mellitus patients is high. Therefore, close monitoring of the patient prognosis and appropriate prevention techniques is essential.
2.
Change in tear protein profile in diabetic retinopathy with duration of diabetes.
Ghosh, S, Ghosh, S, Azharuddin, M, Bera, S, Datta, H, Dasgupta, A
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2014;(4):233-5
Abstract
AIMS: To study change in tear protein profile with duration of diabetes and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tear protein profile was ascertained by SDS PAGE method in 30 patients with DR (group A) and 37 patients without DR (group B). RESULTS Six distinct bands of proteins were identified; these proteins are as follows: 91kDa (P1), 66kDa (P2), 60kDa (P3), 30kDa (P4), 18.4kDa (P5) and 14.4kDa (P6). Prevalence of P3 was significant (p=0.036) in group A, especially in cases with diabetes ≤8 years compared with diabetes >8 years (p=0.0107). In group B, P2 was significantly prevalent (p<0.0013) in cases with diabetes ≤8 years compared to diabetes >8 years. Considering the changes in terms of duration of diabetes in general, patients with diabetes of ≤8 years, P3 was significantly prevalent in group A compared to group B (p=0.004); and when the duration of diabetes is >8 years, P2 was found significantly more in group A compared to group B (p=0.01). No significant difference in P3 (p=0.025), P4 (p=0.2877), P5 (p=0.4801), P6 (p=0.0985) was observed in mild to moderate NPDR group compared to severe NPDR to PDR group. P1 and P2 were present only in severe NPDR and PDR. CONCLUSION Variable protein expression was observed with duration of diabetes and severity of diabetic retinopathy.
3.
The role of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus.
Mathur, G, Noronha, B, Rodrigues, E, Davis, G
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism. 2007;(5):617-29
Abstract
Angiotensin II Receptor blockers (ARBs) are an important addition to the current range of medications available for treating a wide spectrum of diseases including cardiovascular diseases. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death in the United Kingdom and worldwide. More importantly, the presence of the metabolic syndrome and the likelihood of diabetes mellitus taking on epidemic proportions in the years to come all threaten to maintain the mortality rate due to CHD. This review article focuses on the clinical studies that have helped define the trends in the usage of these agents in the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications and also explores possible mechanisms of action and future developments.