1.
Association between maximal oxygen consumption and physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in metabolic syndrome. Usefulness of questionnaires.
Tojal, L, Alonso-Gómez, A, Alberich, S, Wärnberg, J, Sorto, C, Portillo, MP, Schröder, H, Salas-Salvadó, J, Arós, F
Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.). 2020;(2):145-152
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To analyze whether variations in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors are accompanied by differences in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). METHODS We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of 243 participants (82 women), aged 65.0±4.9 years old, with metabolic syndrome and overweight/obesity who performed a maximal exercise test with expired gas analysis. PA was evaluated using subjective methods, the REGICOR and RAPA 1 self-reported questionnaires, and objective methods, the chair test and accelerometry. Sedentariness was analyzed with the Nurses' Health Study questionnaire and accelerometry. RESULTS VO2max was higher in participants who reported they adhered to the recommendations of the PA guidelines in the REGICOR questionnaire (21.3±4.6 vs 18.0±4.4 mL/kg/min; P <.001) and was 18% higher in those who reported more PA in the RAPA 1 questionnaire than the less active group (P <.001). The chair test (> 15 vs ≤ 15 repetitions) also showed significant differences in VO2max (21.2±4.8 vs 18.7±4.5 ml/kg/min; P <.001). Correlations between PA variables and VO2max were significant but low (r: 0.2 to 0.4). Sedentary activities showed less relationship with VO2max. CONCLUSIONS Participants with metabolic syndrome and overweight/obesity who reported adhering to PA recommendations achieved higher VO2max. The self-reported questionnaires and the chair test identified significant variations in VO2max. Sedentary activities do not appear to modify VO2max.
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Nordic walking decreased circulating chemerin and leptin concentrations in middle-aged men with impaired glucose regulation.
Venojärvi, M, Wasenius, N, Manderoos, S, Heinonen, OJ, Hernelahti, M, Lindholm, H, Surakka, J, Lindström, J, Aunola, S, Atalay, M, et al
Annals of medicine. 2013;(2):162-70
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of adipose tissue is one of the major factors leading to insulin resistance. Altered adipokine concentration is an early sign of adipose tissue dysfunction. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of exercise intervention on adipokine profile, glycemic control, and risk factors of the metabolic syndrome (MeS) in men with impaired glucose regulation (IGR). METHODS Overweight and obese men with IGR (n =144) aged 40-65 years were studied at baseline and at 12 weeks in a randomized controlled multicenter intervention study. BMI varied from 25.1 to 34.9. The subjects were randomized into one of three groups: 1) a control group (C; n =47), 2) a Nordic walking group (NW; n =48), or 3) a resistance training group (RT; n =49). RESULTS Leptin concentrations decreased in the NW group compared to both other groups. Both types of exercise intervention significantly decreased serum chemerin concentrations compared to the C group. In the NW group also body fat percentage, fatty liver index (FLI), and total and LDL cholesterol concentrations decreased compared to the RT group. CONCLUSIONS Nordic walking intervention seems to decrease chemerin and leptin levels, and subjects in this intervention group achieved the most beneficial effects on components of MeS.
3.
Association of a reduction in central obesity and phosphorus intake with changes in urinary albumin excretion: the PREMIER study.
Chang, A, Batch, BC, McGuire, HL, Vollmer, WM, Svetkey, LP, Tyson, CC, Sanguankeo, A, Anderson, C, Houston, J, Appel, LJ
American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation. 2013;(5):900-7
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess adiposity and dietary factors may be important determinants of urinary albumin excretion (UAE). STUDY DESIGN Observational analysis of PREMIER, a randomized trial designed to lower blood pressure using behavioral interventions (counseling on weight loss, healthy diet, and exercise). SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 481 participants with normal kidney function who provided adequate 24-hour urine collections at baseline and 6 months. PREDICTORS Change in waist circumference; 24-hour urine sodium, potassium, and phosphorus excretion; and protein intake estimated from urea nitrogen. OUTCOMES & MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was change in log-transformed 24-hour UAE over 6 months. RESULTS After 6 months, the proportion of individuals with UAE ≥10 mg/d decreased from 18.7% to 12.7% (P < 0.001). Changes in mean waist circumference (-4.2 ± 6.6 [SD] cm), 24-hour excretion of sodium (-28.2 ± 71.7 mmol/d), potassium (+8.4 ± 27.8 mmol/d), phosphorus (-27.7 ± 314.1 mg/d), and protein intake (-1.7 ± 19.4 g/d) were observed. After adjustment for relevant covariates, the following variables were associated significantly with reduction in ln(UAE) in separate models: decrease in waist circumference (P = 0.001), decrease in 24-hour urine phosphorus excretion (P < 0.001), and decrease in protein intake (P = 0.01). In a multivariable model including these 3 predictors, decreases in waist circumference (P = 0.002) and 24-hour urine phosphorus excretion (P = 0.03), but not change in protein intake (P = 0.5), remained associated significantly with reduction in ln(UAE). These associations remained significant even after adjustment for changes in blood pressure and insulin resistance. Baseline UAE and metabolic syndrome modified the relationship of waist circumference with ln(UAE); specifically, individuals with higher UAE and baseline metabolic syndrome experienced greater reductions in ln(UAE) from decreases in waist circumference. LIMITATIONS Observational study with potential for confounding. CONCLUSIONS In adults with normal kidney function, decreases in waist circumference and 24-hour urine phosphorus excretion are associated with reductions in UAE. These findings support the rationale for clinical trials to determine whether reducing dietary phosphorus intake or waist circumference could prevent chronic kidney disease or slow its progression.