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The effect of soy nut on serum total antioxidant, endothelial function and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Sedaghat, A, Shahbazian, H, Rezazadeh, A, Haidari, F, Jahanshahi, A, Mahmoud Latifi, S, Shirbeigi, E
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;(2):1387-1391
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes has a high spread and growing process. Using appropriate food diets is among therapeutic approaches has been applied for diabetic patients. Soya utilization has shown effective results in controlling metabolic abnormalities of these patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of soy nut on glycemic conditions, blood pressure, lipid profile, antioxidant effects and vascular endothelial function of these patients. METHODS 70 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups of the test (35 people) and control (35 people). The patients in the intervention group were subjected to 60 g soy nut diet as a part of daily protein for 8 weeks and the control group under the usual diet of diabetes. The fasting glucose, blood pressure, lipid profile, brachial blood flow, the level of serum E-Selectin and total antioxidant capacity in control and test group were assessed before and after diet. RESULTS Consuming 60 g soy nut for 8 weeks significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose (P = 0.03), total serum cholesterol (P < 0.01), LDL-c (P = 0.01), and E-Selectin (P < 0.01) and increased the capacity of serum total antioxidants (P < 0.01), brachial blood flow (P < 0.01) but didn't have any significant effect on systolic/diastolic blood pressure, HDL-c, and TG. CONCLUSION Soy nut utilization in the patients with type-2 diabetes can significantly improve the glycemic condition, increase brachial blood flow, decrease E-selectin (improvement of endothelial function), increase serum total antioxidants and lipid profile but has no significant effect on blood pressure and HDL-c.
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Beneficial Effects of Pterocarpan-High Soybean Leaf Extract on Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Korean Subjects: Randomized Controlled Trial.
Ryu, R, Jeong, TS, Kim, YJ, Choi, JY, Cho, SJ, Kwon, EY, Jung, UJ, Ji, HS, Shin, DH, Choi, MS
Nutrients. 2016;(11)
Abstract
Pterocarpans are known to have antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. However, little is known about the changes in transcriptional profiles in response to a pterocarpan-high soybean leaf extract (PT). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of PT on blood glucose and lipid levels, as well as on the inflammation-related gene expression based on a peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) mRNA sequencing analysis in Korean overweight and obese subjects with mild metabolic syndrome. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups and were administered either placebo (starch, 3 g/day) or PT (2 g/day) for 12 weeks. The PT intervention did not change body weight, body fat percentage and body mass index (BMI). However, PT significantly decreased the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma glucose, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol levels after 12 weeks. Furthermore, PT supplementation significantly lowered the homeostatic index of insulin resistance, as well as the plasma levels of inflammatory markers. Finally, the mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that PT downregulated genes related to immune responses. PT supplementation is beneficial for the improvement of metabolic syndrome by altering the fasting blood and plasma glucose, HbA1c, plasma lipid levels and inflammation-related gene expression in PBMCs.
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The Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Metabolic Status of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Jamilian, M, Asemi, Z
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2016;(9):3386-94
Abstract
CONTEXT Limited data are available evaluating the effects of soy isoflavones on metabolic status of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). OBJECTIVE The current study was performed to determine the effects of soy isoflavones on metabolic status of patients with PCOS. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 70 women diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria who were 18-40 years old. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups to take either 50 mg/d soy isoflavones (n = 35) or placebo (n = 35) for 12 weeks. Metabolic, endocrine, inflammation, and oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified at the beginning of the study and after the 12-week intervention. RESULTS After 12 weeks of intervention, compared to the placebo group, soy isoflavone administration significantly decreased circulating serum levels of insulin (-1.2 ± 4.0 vs +2.8 ± 4.7 μIU/mL; P < .001) and homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-0.3 ± 1.0 vs +0.6 ± 1.1; P < .001) and increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.0009 ± 0.01 vs -0.01 ± 0.03; P = .01). Supplementation with soy isoflavones resulted in significant reductions in free androgen index (-0.03 ± 0.04 vs +0.02 ± 0.03; P < .001) and serum triglycerides (-13.3 ± 62.2 vs +10.3 ± 24.5 mg/dL; P = .04) compared to the placebo group. There was a significant increase in plasma total glutathione (+96.0 ± 102.2 vs +22.7 ± 157.8 μmol/L; P = .04) and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels (-0.7 ± 0.8 vs +0.8 ± 2.3 μmol/L; P = .001) by soy isoflavone intake compared with the placebo group. We did not observe any significant effect of soy isoflavone intake on other lipid profiles and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. CONCLUSION Soy isoflavone administration for 12 weeks in women with PCOS significantly improved markers of insulin resistance, hormonal status, triglycerides, and biomarkers of oxidative stress.
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Soy provides modest benefits on endothelial function without affecting inflammatory biomarkers in adults at cardiometabolic risk.
Reverri, EJ, LaSalle, CD, Franke, AA, Steinberg, FM
Molecular nutrition & food research. 2015;(2):323-33
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Abstract
SCOPE Systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Epidemiological evidence supports an association between whole soy food consumption and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this randomized, controlled, cross-over study was to evaluate the effects of soy nut consumption on inflammatory biomarkers and endothelial function and to assess whether isoflavone metabolism to secondary products, equol, and/or O-desmethylangolensin (ODMA), modifies these responses. METHODS AND RESULTS n = 17 adults at cardiometabolic risk were randomly assigned to the order of two snack interventions, soy nuts, and macronutrient-matched control snack, for four weeks each, separated by a two week washout period. Outcome measures included biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and glycemic control (ELISA and clinical analyzers), endothelial function, and arterial stiffness (peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT)), and isoflavone metabolites (LC-MS/MS). Results revealed that consuming soy nuts improved arterial stiffness as assessed by the augmentation index using PAT (p = 0.03), despite lack of improvement in inflammatory biomarkers. Addition of equol and/or ODMA production status as covariates did not significantly change these results. CONCLUSION Soy nuts when added to a usual diet for one month provide some benefit on arterial stiffness in adults at cardiometabolic risk.