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Therapeutic effects of puerarin on polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized trial in Chinese women.
Li, W, Hu, H, Zou, G, Ma, Z, Liu, J, Li, F
Medicine. 2021;(21):e26049
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess the therapeutic effects of a well-known component (puerarin) obtained from a Chinese herb root in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS Women with premature ovarian failure (POF) were assigned to the obese group (body mass index [BMI] ≥24 kg/m2 and waist hip ratio [WHR] >0.85) or non-obese group (group 3, n = 21). Obese patients were further randomly assigned to the obese treatment group (group 1, n = 15) and obese control group (group 1, n = 15). All patients received standard treatment (Diane-35, 1 tablet/d, orally, plus metformin, 1.5 g/d, orally). In addition to the standard modality, patients in group 1 and group 3 also orally received 150 mg/d of puerarin tablets for 3 months. Venous blood was drawn before and after treatment. Then, the metabolic and antioxidant biomarkers were measured. The normality of distribution of the data was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method. The baseline characteristics were analyzed using one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), and post-hoc was performed using the least significance difference (LSD)-t test. RESULTS Significantly improved blood levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed in patients who received the additional treatment of puerarin, regardless of their lean or obese status, while these were not observed in patients who did not receive puerarin. Furthermore, obese patients with PCOS had significantly lower systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and testosterone blood levels, when compared with before treatment. CONCLUSION The addition of puerarin to the present treatment protocol can be considered for the management of metabolic disorders and hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients.
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Effects of soy isoflavone supplementation on patients with diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Wang, X, Liang, QF, Zeng, X, Huang, GX, Xin, GZ, Xu, YH, Wang, SM, Tang, D
Food & function. 2021;(17):7607-7618
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication that is becoming a worldwide public health concern. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of dietary soy isoflavone intervention on renal function and metabolic syndrome markers in DN patients. Seven databases including Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang were searched for controlled trials that assessed the effects of soy isoflavone treatment in DN patients. Finally, a total of 141 patients from 7 randomized controlled trials were included. The meta-analysis showed that dietary soy isoflavones significantly decreased 24-hour urine protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in DN patients. The standard mean difference was -2.58 (95% CI: -3.94, -1.22; P = 0.0002) for 24-hour urine protein, -0.67 (95% CI: -0.94, -0.41; P < 0.00001) for BUN, -6.16 (95% CI: -9.02, -3.31; P < 0.0001) for CRP, -0.58 (95% CI: -0.83, -0.33; P < 0.00001) for TC, -0.41 (95% CI: -0.66, -0.16; P < 0.00001) for TG, -0.68 (95% CI: -0.94, -0.42; P < 0.00001) for LDL-C, and -0.39 (95% CI: -0.68, -0.10; P = 0.008) for FBG. Therefore, soy isoflavones may ameliorate DN by significantly decreasing 24-hour urine protein, BUN, CRP, TC, TG, LDL-C, and FBG.
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The potential health benefits of the isoflavone glycoside genistin.
Islam, A, Islam, MS, Uddin, MN, Hasan, MMI, Akanda, MR
Archives of pharmacal research. 2020;(4):395-408
Abstract
Genistin is a type of isoflavone glycoside and has a broad range of health benefits. It is found in a variety of dietary plants, such as soybean, kudzu (Japanese arrowroot), and other plant-based products. Genistin has been described to have several beneficial health impacts, such as decreasing the risk of osteoporosis and post-menopausal symptoms, as well as anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, cardioprotective, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-microbial activities. It may also assist individuals with metabolic syndrome. This review summarizes some of the molecular impacts and prospective roles of genistin in maintaining and treatment of health disorders. The review could help to develop novel genistin medicine with significant health benefits for application in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields.
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Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health.
Durazzo, A, Lucarini, M, Souto, EB, Cicala, C, Caiazzo, E, Izzo, AA, Novellino, E, Santini, A
Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2019;(9):2221-2243
Abstract
This review gives an updated picture of each class of phenolic compounds and their properties. The most common classification implies the subdivision of phenolics in two main groups: flavonoids (e.g., anthocyanins, flavanols, flavanones, flavonols, flavonones, and isoflavones) and non-flavonoids (e.g., phenolic acids, xanthones, stilbens, lignans, and tannins) polyphenols. The great interest in polyphenols is associated with their high potential application for food preservation and for therapeutic beneficial use. The relationship between polyphenol intake and human health has been exploited with special reference to cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cancer. The use of current existing databases of bioactive compounds including polyphenols is described as key tools for human health research.
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Association of isoflavone biomarkers with risk of chronic disease and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Rienks, J, Barbaresko, J, Nöthlings, U
Nutrition reviews. 2017;(8):616-641
Abstract
CONTEXT Isoflavones have been suggested to play a role in disease prevention. The accuracy of assessing exposure to isoflavones might be improved by using them as biomarkers. OBJECTIVE A systematic review of observational studies on the association of isoflavone biomarkers with the risk of chronic disease and mortality was conducted. Meta-analyses of specific biomarker and disease combinations were performed. DATA SOURCES PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched. DATA EXTRACTION Two authors screened the titles and abstracts of candidate publications. The third author was consulted to resolve discrepancies. Forty studies were included and their quality assessed. PRISMA-P guidelines were followed. DATA ANALYSIS Eight different isoflavone biomarkers were investigated in association with cancer (26 studies), mortality (2 studies), cardiovascular disease (3 studies), metabolic syndrome risk factors (7 studies), and other outcomes (2 studies). Meta-analyses of studies on individual isoflavonic compounds were conducted for breast and prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes. Higher daidzein and genistein concentrations were associated with lower risk of breast cancer and diabetes. Only daidzein concentrations were inversely associated with risk of prostate cancer. For the remaining endpoints, evidence for associations was inconsistent and scarce, perhaps owing to heterogeneity in study exposures and outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Further research using biomarker information is warranted.
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The Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Metabolic Status of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Jamilian, M, Asemi, Z
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2016;(9):3386-94
Abstract
CONTEXT Limited data are available evaluating the effects of soy isoflavones on metabolic status of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). OBJECTIVE The current study was performed to determine the effects of soy isoflavones on metabolic status of patients with PCOS. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 70 women diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria who were 18-40 years old. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups to take either 50 mg/d soy isoflavones (n = 35) or placebo (n = 35) for 12 weeks. Metabolic, endocrine, inflammation, and oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified at the beginning of the study and after the 12-week intervention. RESULTS After 12 weeks of intervention, compared to the placebo group, soy isoflavone administration significantly decreased circulating serum levels of insulin (-1.2 ± 4.0 vs +2.8 ± 4.7 μIU/mL; P < .001) and homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-0.3 ± 1.0 vs +0.6 ± 1.1; P < .001) and increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.0009 ± 0.01 vs -0.01 ± 0.03; P = .01). Supplementation with soy isoflavones resulted in significant reductions in free androgen index (-0.03 ± 0.04 vs +0.02 ± 0.03; P < .001) and serum triglycerides (-13.3 ± 62.2 vs +10.3 ± 24.5 mg/dL; P = .04) compared to the placebo group. There was a significant increase in plasma total glutathione (+96.0 ± 102.2 vs +22.7 ± 157.8 μmol/L; P = .04) and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels (-0.7 ± 0.8 vs +0.8 ± 2.3 μmol/L; P = .001) by soy isoflavone intake compared with the placebo group. We did not observe any significant effect of soy isoflavone intake on other lipid profiles and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. CONCLUSION Soy isoflavone administration for 12 weeks in women with PCOS significantly improved markers of insulin resistance, hormonal status, triglycerides, and biomarkers of oxidative stress.
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The influence of the Korean traditional Chungkookjang on variables of metabolic syndrome in overweight/obese subjects: study protocol.
Back, HI, Ha, KC, Kim, HM, Kim, MG, Yu, OK, Byun, MS, Jeong, DY, Jeong, SY, Cha, YS, Park, TS
BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2013;:297
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a set of disorders that increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The primary target of treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome is therapeutic lifestyle change. Numerous preclinical study have reported positive effects of chungkookjang in in vivo models of diabetes and obesity, but there is a paucity of controlled clinical trials on variables of metabolic syndrome in obese subjects. Thus, the objective of this trial is to examine the effect of chungkookjang compared to placebo on variables of metabolic syndrome in overweight/obese subjects. METHODS This double-blind randomized controlled crossover trial will be conducted on 120 overweight/obese subjects; aged 19-29 years. Subjects will be recruited from the Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea. Enrolled subjects will be randomly assigned to two groups of equal number; one group received 35 g of chungkookjang (n = 60) and the other group received placebo (n = 60) on a regular daily basis for 12 weeks. After a 12-week washout period, the groups will be crossed over. In addition to anthropometric measures and blood pressure, glucose parameter, lipid profile, adipocytokine, and carnitine assay will be determined at baseline and 12 week. Also, safety will be assessing by measuring total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and creatine kinase at baseline and 12 weeks. 24-hour dietary recalls were collected at the baseline and at the end of the trial. DISCUSSION This trial will evaluate the effects of chungkookjang on variables of metabolic syndrome in overweight/obese subjects. The results of this study may contribute to the reduction of risk factor for metabolic syndrome caused by obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trials NCT01811511.
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Review of the efficacy of green tea, isoflavones and aloe vera supplements based on randomised controlled trials.
Williamson, G, Coppens, P, Serra-Majem, L, Dew, T
Food & function. 2011;(12):753-9
Abstract
We assess the evidence for health benefits of three commonly consumed plant food supplements (PFS), green tea, isoflavone and aloe vera, based on published systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Whilst the potential benefits of green tea have been reported in a wide range of health areas, it is only in the area of the metabolic syndrome that the number of RCTs is approaching sufficient to judge such efficacy. Isoflavone supplements are widely used, and RCTs indicate that they affect bone resorption at lower doses in postmenopausal women undergoing estrogen-related bone loss, but this is only translated to attenuation of bone loss at higher doses of isoflavones. A systematic review on RCTs concluded that the effects of isoflavones on hot flashes in postmenopausal women were highly variable and no conclusions could be drawn. Despite the popularity of aloe vera as a PFS, the evaluation of its efficacy as a coadjuvant therapy for certain metabolic or digestive pathologies remains scarce; it constitutes a typical example of a naturally occurring ingredient whose efficacy in topical applications presupposes its efficacy in systemic applications. Nevertheless, its possible toxic effects on oral consumption call for caution in its utility as a PFS. Since 2007, efficacy evaluation of PFS in Europe has been covered by European Union Nutrition and Health Claims legislation. The European Food Safety Authority has adopted an approach relying on RCTs, while medicinal effects are accepted based on traditional use. In general, there are insufficient RCTs for claims to be made, and conclusive results on PFS should be obtained in the future by conducting studies with more homogeneous populations, by using supplements with optimised and measured bioavailability, and by conducting larger RCTs.
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High-dose isoflavones do not improve metabolic and inflammatory parameters in androgen-deprived men with prostate cancer.
Napora, JK, Short, RG, Muller, DC, Carlson, OD, Odetunde, JO, Xu, X, Carducci, M, Travison, TG, Maggio, M, Egan, JM, et al
Journal of andrology. 2011;(1):40-8
Abstract
The profound hypogonadism that occurs with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) results in complications such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome that predispose to cardiovascular disease. Because phytoestrogens have been associated with an improvement in metabolic parameters, we evaluated their role in men undergoing ADT. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of high-dose isoflavones on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in men undergoing ADT. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week pilot study. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 20 g of soy protein containing 160 mg of total isoflavones vs taste-matched placebo (20 g whole milk protein). The study was conducted at a tertiary care center in the United States. Thirty-three men (isoflavones = 17, placebo = 16) undergoing ADT for PCa completed this pilot study. Mean age in the 2 groups was 69 years and the majority of men were Caucasians. Mean duration of ADT in both groups was approximately 2 years (P = .70). The 2 groups were well matched at baseline. After 12 weeks of intervention, there was no significant difference in either metabolic or inflammatory parameters between the 2 groups. We found that high-dose isoflavones over a course of 12 weeks do not improve metabolic or inflammatory parameters in androgen-deprived men.