1.
Serum retinol-binding protein 4, leptin, and plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine levels in obese and nonobese young women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Yildizhan, R, Ilhan, GA, Yildizhan, B, Kolusari, A, Adali, E, Bugdayci, G
Fertility and sterility. 2011;(1):246-50
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), leptin, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate their relationship with each other and with clinical, metabolic, and hormonal parameters. DESIGN Clinical study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENT(S): Fifty-seven young women with PCOS (obese [n = 27] and nonobese [n = 30]) and 27 age-matched healthy controls. INTERVENTION(S): History and physical examination, peripheral venous blood sampling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Asymmetric dimethylarginine, RBP4, leptin, LH, FSH, DHEAS, total T, E(2), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). RESULT(S): Obese women with PCOS had significantly higher HOMA-IR, DHEAS, leptin, RBP4, and ADMA levels. Leptin levels were significantly increased in nonobese subjects with PCOS. Leptin and ADMA levels were positively correlated with HOMA-IR in PCOS. There was no correlation between RBP4 and HOMA-IR. Leptin, RBP4, and ADMA levels are positively correlated in PCOS. CONCLUSION(S): [1] Young obese women with PCOS have increased ADMA, RBP4, and leptin levels, and they are positively correlated with each other. [2] The increased levels of leptin are independent of obesity, and leptin seems to have an association with IR. [3] Levels of RBP4 may not reflect IR in PCOS.
2.
Palatinose-blended sugar compared with sucrose: different effects on insulin sensitivity after 12 weeks supplementation in sedentary adults.
Okuno, M, Kim, MK, Mizu, M, Mori, M, Mori, H, Yamori, Y
International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2010;(6):643-51
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effects of daily palatinose intake on the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in sedentary non-obese Japanese adults. METHODS Japanese adults (40 females and 10 males, age: 53 +/- 9 years, range: 31-72 years old) were randomized into two groups for a double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study and given either 40 g/day palatinose-blended sugar (PS group) or 40 g/day sucrose (S group) in their diet for 12 weeks. RESULTS After the intervention, the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) had significantly decreased only in the PS group; the inter-group difference was significant at P = 0.006. Although the S group showed a significant increase in the leptin concentration and the systolic blood pressure, the PS group showed no significant changes; the inter-group differences were significant at P = 0.018 and P = 0.037, respectively. CONCLUSION Palatinose intake possibly improves insulin sensitivity when compared with sucrose intake.
3.
Serum leptin levels in premature pubarche and prepubertal girls with and without obesity.
Teixeira, RJ, Ginzbarg, D, Rodrigues Freitas, J, Fucks, G, Silva, CM, Bordallo, MA
Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM. 2004;(10):1393-8
Abstract
Leptin can be regarded as a marker of the nutritional status of the body. This study was performed to determine the correlation of leptin levels with insulin (I) and androgens in girls with premature pubarche (PP) and prepubertal controls (C) with (OB) or without (nOB) obesity. We studied 25 girls with PP and 14 C; girls were dived into two subgroups according to body mass index (BMI): OB (18 PP and 8 C) and nOB (7 PP and 6 C). Obesity was defined as BMI >95th percentile for chronological age. Serum levels of leptin, I, glucose (G), DHEAS, testosterone, androstenedione (A), cortisol, SHBG, IGFBP-1 and lipid profile were measured. The fasting G to I ratio (FGIR) was calculated and FGIR <7 was considered as suggestive of I resistance (IR). Data were analyzed comparing PP vs C and OB vs nOB. Serum DHEAS (0.60 +/- 0.45 vs 0.18 +/- 0.22 microg/ml) and A (895.5 +/- 420.4 vs 457.0 +/- 352.1 pg/ml) levels were significantly higher in PP than C. Other hormonal and metabolic parameters were similar. Serum leptin (30.8 +/- 18.3 vs 8.1 +/- 5.9 ng/ml), A (841.8 +/- 471.1 vs 522.5 +/- 317.2 pg/ml), DHEAS (0.53 +/- 0.44 vs 0.31 +/- 0.39 microg/ml), G (88.4 +/- 8.8 vs 80.2 +/- 8.1 mg/dl), I (13.5 +/- 7.7 vs 5.1 +/- 3.7 microU/ml) and total cholesterol (TC) (180.5 +/- 30.9 vs 161.8 +/- 29.5 mg/dl) levels were greater in the OB than in the nOB group. IR was observed in 10 girls with OB and in one with nOB. Leptin was correlated with BMI (r = 0.83), SHBG (r = -0.44), IGFBP-1 (r = -0.47), I (r = 0.37), A (r = 0.48) and TC (r = 0.36), but in multiple regression analysis only with BMI (r2 = 0.72, p < 0.001). Girls with PP and prepubertal OB girls showed elevated leptin levels independent of I and androgen levels. Girls with OB had a greater degree of hyperandrogenism and IR. As obesity, IR and hyperandrogenism are common findings in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is more prevalent in young women with a history of PP, a role of leptin in PCOS can be suggested. In addition, girls with PP could be considered a population at risk for plurimetabolic syndrome.