1.
Characteristics of men classified at high-risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus using the AUSDRISK screening tool.
Aguiar, EJ, Morgan, PJ, Collins, CE, Plotnikoff, RC, Callister, R
Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2015;(1):45-54
Abstract
AIMS: The primary aim was to describe characteristics of men identified at high-risk for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using the Australian diabetes risk assessment (AUSDRISK) tool. Secondary aims were to determine the prevalence of pre-diabetes and metabolic syndrome in these men. METHODS Men (n=209) completed the AUSDRISK tool, with 165 identified as high-risk for T2DM (score ≥ 12, maximum 38). Demographic, anthropometric, physiological and behavioural outcomes were assessed for 101 men. Comparisons (one-way ANOVA) among three AUSDRISK score groups (12-15, 16-19, ≥ 20) were performed (significance level, P<0.05). RESULTS Common risk factors (percentages) among high-risk men were waist circumference (>90 cm; 93%), age (>44 years; 79%), physical activity level (< 150 min wk(-1); 59%), family history of diabetes (39%) and previously high blood glucose levels (32%). Men with AUSDRISK scores ≥ 20 had higher (mean ± SD) HbA1C (6.0 ± 0.4% [42 ± 4.4 mmol.mol(-1)], P<0.001), FPG (5.3 ± 0.6 mmol.L(-1), P=0.001) and waist circumference (113.2 ± 9.8 cm, P=0.026) than men with scores of 12-15. Mean FPG for the sample was 5.0 ± 0.6 mmol.L(-1), whereas mean HbA1C was 5.8 ± 0.5% [40 ± 5.5 mmol.mol(-1)]. Pre-diabetes prevalence was 70% and metabolic syndrome prevalence was 62%. CONCLUSIONS The AUSDRISK tool identified men who were mostly older than 44, and had large waist circumferences and elevated HbA1C. These findings provide evidence supporting the usefulness of the AUSDRISK screening tool for T2DM screening in clinical and research settings.
2.
Routine Screening and Consultation Facilitate Improvement of Metabolic Syndrome.
Yoon, NH, Yoo, S, Kim, H, Han, Y
Journal of Korean medical science. 2015;(8):1092-100
Abstract
This randomized controlled trial study aimed to investigate the effects of a lifestyle intervention on metabolic syndrome (MetS) among middle-aged Koreans. A total of 243 middle-aged Koreans with MetS were randomly assigned to either of 2 types of lifestyle intervention for MetS and followed for 12 months. Health examinations and interventions were implemented at 16 regional branch facilities of a Korean medical institution from 2010, following the NCEP-ATP III criteria and recommendations. Lifestyle intervention (LI) group (n = 137) participated in a 12-week multi-component intervention including individual counseling, group sessions, and self-help materials. Basic usual intervention (BI) group (n = 106) was provided with one-page health information sheet on MetS and MetS management at baseline. Prevalence of MetS and each of MetS components, except for low HDL-cholesterol, in both groups were significantly reduced and maintained after the intervention. Notably, prevalence of hypertension and abdominal obesity continued to improve during the follow-up period. Between-group differences in results were not found. Both interventions were effective when they were accompanied with repeated check-ups and notification of MetS status. It is recommended to design clear guidelines for the notification of MetS after MetS screening and to encourage checking MetS status periodically for effective MetS management (KCT 0000446).
3.
Hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio phenotype: association with atherogenic lipid profile in Han adolescents.
Ma, CM, Liu, XL, Yin, FZ, Gao, GQ, Wang, R, Lu, Q
European journal of pediatrics. 2015;(9):1175-81
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype was associated with an atherogenic lipid profile in adolescents. But unlike adults, the cutoffs of waist circumference are age- and gender-specific standards and are less feasible for non-professional use. The present study tested the hypothesis that simple variables, such as waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and serum triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations, could be used as screening tools for the identification of adolescents characterized by atherogenic lipid profile. In 2006, anthropometric and biochemical measurements were assessed in a cross-sectional population-based study of 3136 Han adolescents, aged 13-17 years. The hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio (HWHtR) phenotype was defined as serum TG concentrations ≥1.47 mmol/L and WHtR ≥0.48 for boys and ≥0.46 for girls. Hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥5.18 mmol/L), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C ≥3.37 mmol/L), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C <1.03 mmol/L), and high non-HDL-C (≥3.76 mmol/L) were considered as atherogenic lipid profiles. After control for age and sex, adolescents with the HWHtR phenotype were more likely to have hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio (OR) = 7.8, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 3.5-17.3, P < 0.001), high LDL-C (OR = 9.4, 95 % CI = 2.8-31.2, P < 0.001), low HDL-C (OR = 10.8, 95 % CI = 6.9-17.0, P < 0.001), and high non-HDL-C (OR = 22.9, 95 % CI = 10.0-52.2, P < 0.001) than those adolescents with normal WHtR and normal serum TG concentrations. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that HWHtR phenotype is a simple marker for identifying adolescents with atherogenic lipid profile. Compared with HW phenotype, HWHtR phenotype is a non-age-dependent index with higher applicability to screen for cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. WHAT IS KNOWN • The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype is represented by the simultaneous presence of elevated serum triacylglycerol and increased waist circumference. Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype can identify adolescents with metabolic syndrome. But the cutoffs of waist circumference are age- and gender-specific standards and are less feasible for non-professional use. WHAT IS NEW • The present study demonstrates that hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio phenotype is a simple marker for identifying adolescents with atherogenic lipid profile. Compared with hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype, hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio phenotype is a non-age-dependent index with higher applicability to screen for cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents.