1.
Circulating oxidized low-density lipoproteins and arterial elasticity: comparison between men with metabolic syndrome and physically active counterparts.
Pohjantähti-Maaroos, H, Palomäki, A, Kankkunen, P, Laitinen, R, Husgafvel, S, Oksanen, K
Cardiovascular diabetology. 2010;:41
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoproteins in the intimae of arteries and endothelial dysfunction are key events in the development of atherosclerosis. Patients with metabolic syndrome are at high risk for cardiovascular diseases but the linkage between metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis is incompletely understood. We studied whether the levels of oxidized LDL and arterial elasticity differ between metabolic syndrome patients and physically active controls. METHODS 40 men with metabolic syndrome and 40 physically active controls participated in this cross-sectional study. None of the study subjects had been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. Levels of oxidized LDL were assessed by a two-site ELISA immunoassay. Arterial elasticity was assessed non-invasively by the HDI/PulseWave CR-2000 arterial tonometer. RESULTS Levels of oxidized LDL were 89.6 +/- 33.1 U/L for metabolic syndrome subjects and 68.5 +/- 23.6 U/L for controls (p = 0.007). The difference remained significant after adjustment for LDL cholesterol. Large artery elasticity index (C1) was 16.2 +/- 4.1 mL/mmHgx10 for metabolic syndrome subjects and 19.4 +/- 3.7 mL/mmHgx10 for controls (p = 0.001), small artery indices (C2) were 7.0 +/- 3.2 mL/mmHgx100 and 6.5 +/- 2.9 mL/mmHgx100 (NS), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with metabolic syndrome had elevated levels of oxidized LDL and reduced large arterial elasticity compared to controls. This finding may partly explain the increased risk for cardiovascular diseases among metabolic syndrome patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01114763.
2.
The fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, physical activity, and risk of incident cardiovascular events in white women.
Ahmad, T, Chasman, DI, Mora, S, Paré, G, Cook, NR, Buring, JE, Ridker, PM, Lee, IM
American heart journal. 2010;(6):1163-9
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation in the Fat-Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) gene has been associated with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in healthy populations and any interaction with physical activity remain unclear. METHODS The FTO rs8050136 allele was determined in a prospective cohort study of 21,674 apparently healthy White US women in the Women's Genome Health Study. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 12.7±2.0 years, 664 incident CVD events occurred. The risk allele (A) was associated with higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (all P<.05). In a multivariate model, there was significant association of the risk allele with CVD (hazard ratio [HR] per allele copy 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.28) that was no longer significant after additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI) (HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.97-1.23). There was statistical evidence of an interaction between FTO and physical activity (P=.048). We found a significant association of FTO with CVD only among less-active (≤8.8 metabolic equivalent-h/wk) women (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02-1.38) in multivariate analyses that included BMI. More-active women did not have this increased risk (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.79-1.16]). In a model that adjusted for BMI, less-active/high-risk (A/A) women were at 54% increased risk of developing CVD (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.13-2.11), compared to more-active/low-risk (C/C) women. CONCLUSIONS Carriers of the FTO risk allele have an increased risk of CVD mediated by BMI. There appears to be an interaction with physical activity, such that this risk increase is only in less-active women.