1.
Impact of resistance training on body composition and metabolic syndrome variables during androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
Dawson, JK, Dorff, TB, Todd Schroeder, E, Lane, CJ, Gross, ME, Dieli-Conwright, CM
BMC cancer. 2018;(1):368
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) experience adverse effects such as lean mass loss, known as sarcopenia, fat gain, and changes in cardiometabolic factors that increase risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Resistance training can increase lean mass, reduce body fat, and improve physical function and quality of life, but no exercise interventions in prostate cancer patients on ADT have concomitantly improved body composition and MetS. This pilot trial investigated 12 weeks of resistance training on body composition and MetS changes in prostate cancer patients on ADT. An exploratory aim examined if a combined approach of training and protein supplementation would elicit greater changes in body composition. METHODS Prostate cancer patients on ADT were randomized to resistance training and protein supplementation (TRAINPRO), resistance training (TRAIN), protein supplementation (PRO), or control stretching (STRETCH). Exercise groups (EXE = TRAINPRO, TRAIN) performed supervised exercise 3 days per week for 12 weeks, while non-exercise groups (NoEXE = PRO, STRETCH) performed a home-based stretching program. TRAINPRO and PRO received 50 g⋅day- 1 of whey protein. The primary outcome was change in lean mass assessed through dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Secondary outcomes examined changes in sarcopenia, assessed through appendicular skeletal mass (ASM) index (kg/m2), body fat %, strength, physical function, quality of life, MetS score and the MetS components of waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. RESULTS A total of 37 participants were randomized; 32 participated in the intervention (EXE n = 13; NoEXE n = 19). At baseline, 43.8% of participants were sarcopenic and 40.6% met the criteria for MetS. Post-intervention, EXE significantly improved lean mass (d = 0.9), sarcopenia prevalence (d = 0.8), body fat % (d = 1.1), strength (d = 0.8-3.0), and prostate cancer-specific quality of life (d = 0.9) compared to NoEXE (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups for physical function or MetS-related variables except waist circumference (d = 0.8). CONCLUSIONS A 12-week resistance training intervention effectively improved sarcopenia, body fat %, strength and quality of life in hypogonadal prostate cancer patients, but did not change MetS or physical function. PRO did not offer additional benefit in improving body composition. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01909440 . Registered 24 July 2013.
2.
Sibutramine has a positive effect on clinical and metabolic parameters in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Sabuncu, T, Harma, M, Harma, M, Nazligul, Y, Kilic, F
Fertility and sterility. 2003;(5):1199-204
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of sibutramine therapy alone and in combination with ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate (EE-CPA) on the clinical and metabolic parameters of obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN Prospective randomized, controlled study. SETTING Endocrinology and gynecology clinics. PATIENT(S): Forty obese women with PCOS. INTERVENTION(S): Group 1 was treated with oral EE-CPA (35 microg-2 mg/day), group 2 with oral sibutramine (10 mg/day), and group 3 with a combination of EE-CPA plus sibutramine for 6 months. All groups were advised to consume a diet of 1200 kcal/day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT(S): Measurements were performed before and 6 months after treatment of body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Ferriman-Gallwey hirsutism score, total testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and insulin during oral glucose tolerance test, and insulin sensitivity index; area under the curve for glucose and insulin were obtained from OGTT. RESULT(S): Body mass index, Ferriman-Gallwey hirsutism score, serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and DHEAS levels were significantly decreased and SHBG was significantly increased in all groups at the end of the study. WHR, diastolic blood pressure, and serum triglyceride level were significantly reduced only in the sibutramine group. CONCLUSION(S): Sibutramine might have a positive effect on hyperandrogenemia, and clinical and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease in obese women with PCOS.