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Kosen-cha, a Polymerized Catechin-Rich Green Tea, as a Potential Functional Beverage for the Reduction of Body Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Pilot Study in Obese Patients.
Katanasaka, Y, Miyazaki, Y, Sunagawa, Y, Funamoto, M, Shimizu, K, Shimizu, S, Sari, N, Shimizu, Y, Wada, H, Hasegawa, K, et al
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2020;(4):675-681
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Abstract
Previous studies have shown that green tea catechins (GTCs) have beneficial effects on obesity and metabolic syndromes. In this study, we prepared kosen-cha from green tea using high pressure extraction, to reduce the astringent taste of the green tea. We identified a large quantity of polymerized GTCs in kosen-cha. To investigate the effects of kosen-cha containing polymerized GTCs in obese Japanese patients, we designed an open-label pilot study in which 6 obese subjects (body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m2) were administered kosen-cha (5 g/L/d) for 12 weeks. Body composition, serum lipids, insulin resistance, vascular functions, and cardiac hypertrophy were measured before and 12 weeks after kosen-cha administration. Kosen-cha showed no significant adverse effects on the patients. Body weights, BMI, waist circumferences, serum triglyceride (TG) levels, and homeostasis model assessment as an index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were significantly decreased after the 12 weeks of administration. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (p = 0.0214), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)(p = 0.0141), left ventricular mass indexes (p = 0.0120), and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) (p = 0.0144) were significantly improved. Overall, kosen-cha reduced obesity and improved insulin resistance, vascular function, and cardiac hypertrophy, indicating its preventive potential in obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Association between Eating Speed and Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Paz-Graniel, I, Babio, N, Mendez, I, Salas-Salvadó, J
Nutrients. 2019;(1)
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. Lifestyle is recognized as a key factor in the development of metabolic disorders and CVD. Recently, eating speed has been of particular interest since some studies have associated it with the development of obesity and other cardiometabolic disorders. We aimed to assess the association between eating speed and various cardiovascular risk factors. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis within the framework of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study with 792 participants from the Reus-Tarragona center. Eating speed was self-reported according to participant perception and categorized as slow, medium, or fast. The association between eating speed and cardiovascular risk factors was assessed using Cox regression models with constant time of follow-up for all individuals. Compared to participants in the slow eating speed category, those in the faster eating speed category were 59% more likely to have the hypertriglyceridemia component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) (Hazard Ratio, (HR) 1.59; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.16⁻2.17), even after adjustment for potential confounders (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.08⁻2.02). No other significant differences were observed. Eating speed was positively associated with the prevalence of the hypertriglyceridemia component of the MetS in a senior population at high cardiovascular risk.
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Capacity adiposity indices to identify metabolic syndrome in subjects with intermediate cardiovascular risk (MARK study).
Gomez-Marcos, MA, Gomez-Sanchez, L, Patino-Alonso, MC, Recio-Rodriguez, JI, Gomez-Sanchez, M, Rigo, F, Marti, R, Agudo-Conde, C, Maderuelo-Fernandez, JA, Ramos, R, et al
PloS one. 2019;(1):e0209992
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity increases mortality, and is linked to cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of different adiposity indices to identify subjects with MetS among people with intermediate cariovascular risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cross-sectional study involved 2478 subjects, recruited by the MARK study. Adiposity measures: general adiposity by body mass index (BMI), central adiposity by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), fat mass percent by the Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimator (CUN-BAE), percentage of body fat and of visceral adipose tissue by body roundness index (BRI) and visceral obesity and general adiposity with body shape index (ABSI). The diagnosis of MetS was made in accordance with the criteria established in the international consensus of the Joint Scientific Statement National Cholesterol Education Program III. RESULTS The highest correlation coefficients were obtained by the glycemic components (HbA1c and FPG) of the MetS and ranged from 0.155 to 0.320. The exception was ABSI, which showed lower values in the global analysis and in the males. Values of the area under the ROC curve with the adiposity indices ranged from 0.773 with the BMI in males to 0.567 with ABSI in males. In the logistic regression analysis, all adiposity factors, except ABSI, showed similar OR values of MetS after adjusting for possible confounding factors. In the global analysis, the adiposity index that showed a highest OR of MetS was CUN-BAE (OR 5.50; 95% CI 4.27-7.09). In the analysis by gender, the highest ORs were BMI in males (OR 5.98; 95% CI 4.70-7.60) and both WHtR and BRI in females (OR 4.15; 95% CI 3.09-5.58). CONCLUSION All adiposity indices, except for ABSI, show an association with MetS and similar ability to detect subjects with MetS among people with intermediate cariovascular risk.