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Effects of Exercise Training during Christmas on Body Weight and Cardiometabolic Health in Overweight Individuals.
Ramirez-Jimenez, M, Morales-Palomo, F, Ortega, JF, Moreno-Cabañas, A, Guio de Prada, V, Alvarez-Jimenez, L, Mora-Rodriguez, R
International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020;(13)
Abstract
: Individuals with abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have augmented risk of all-cause mortality. Lifestyle interventions are effective to treat MetS, however, there are periods during the year in which exercise programs are discontinued and improper dietary habits reappear (e.g., Christmas holidays). We aimed to analyze if exercise-training during Christmas holidays would avoid body-weight gains and cardiometabolic deterioration in MetS individuals, using a randomized control trial. Thirty-eight men with MetS undergoing exercise training were randomly allocated to either continue (TRAIN group, n = 16) or discontinue (HOLID group, n = 22) training, during the three weeks of Christmas. Anthropometrics (body weight, fat, and waist circumference), fasting blood metabolites (glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol concentrations) and exercise maximal fat oxidation (FOMAX) and oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK) were determined before and after Christmas. Both groups were similar at baseline in all parameters (p > 0.05). HOLID group increased body weight (91.3 ± 13.0 to 92.0 ± 13.4 kg, p = 0.004), mean arterial pressure (94.0 ± 10.6 to 97.1 ± 8.9 mmHg, p = 0.026), blood insulin (10.2 ± 3.8 to 12.5 ± 5.4 µIU·mL-1, p = 0.003) and HOMA (3.2 ± 1.3 to 4.1 ± 2.3, p = 0.003). In contrast, TRAIN prevented those disarrangements and reduced total (170.6 ± 30.6 to 161.3 ± 31.3 mg·dL-1, p = 0.026) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (i.e., LDL-C, 104.8 ± 26.1 to 95.6 ± 21.7 mg·dL-1, p = 0.013). TRAIN also prevented the reductions in exercise FOMAX and VO2PEAK that was observed in the HOLID group (p = 0.002). In conclusion, exercise training during Christmas, prevents body weight gains and the associated cardiovascular (increase in blood pressure and LDL-C) and metabolic (reduced insulin sensitivity) health risks are an optimal non-pharmacological therapy for that period of the year.
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Metabolic Syndrome Features and Excess Weight Were Inversely Associated with Nut Consumption after 1-Year Follow-Up in the PREDIMED-Plus Study.
Julibert, A, Del Mar Bibiloni, M, Gallardo-Alfaro, L, Abbate, M, Martínez-González, MÁ, Salas-Salvadó, J, Corella, D, Fitó, M, Martínez, JA, Alonso-Gómez, ÁM, et al
The Journal of nutrition. 2020;(12):3161-3170
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Abstract
BACKGROUND High nut consumption has been previously associated with decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) regardless of race and dietary patterns. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in nut consumption over a 1-y follow-up are associated with changes in features of MetS in a middle-aged and older Spanish population at high cardiovascular disease risk. METHODS This prospective 1-y follow-up cohort study, conducted in the framework of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial, included 5800 men and women (55-75 y old) with overweight/obesity [BMI (in kg/m2) ≥27 and <40] and MetS. Nut consumption (almonds, pistachios, walnuts, and other nuts) was assessed using data from a validated FFQ. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 1 y in features of MetS [waist circumference (WC), glycemia, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure] and excess weight (body weight and BMI) according to tertiles of change in nut consumption. Secondary outcomes included changes in dietary and lifestyle characteristics. A generalized linear model was used to compare 1-y changes in features of MetS, weight, dietary intakes, and lifestyle characteristics across tertiles of change in nut consumption. RESULTS As nut consumption increased, between each tertile there was a significant decrease in WC, TG, systolic blood pressure, weight, and BMI (P < 0.05), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (only in women, P = 0.044). The interaction effect between time and group was significant for total energy intake (P < 0.001), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) (P < 0.001), and nut consumption (P < 0.001). Across tertiles of increasing nut consumption there was a significant increase in extra virgin olive oil intake and adherence to the MedDiet; change in energy intake, on the other hand, was inversely related to consumption of nuts. CONCLUSIONS Features of MetS and excess weight were inversely associated with nut consumption after a 1-y follow-up in the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.
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The Use of a Stem and Leaf Aqueous Extract of Cissus quadrangularis (CQR-300) to Reduce Body Fat and Other Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight Participants.
Nash, R, Azantsa, B, Kuate, D, Singh, H, Oben, J
Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2019;(1):98-106
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work had shown the ability of an aqueous leaf and stem extract of Cissus quandrangularis (300 mg of CQR, CQR-300) to improve components of metabolic syndrome (MS) in overweight individuals. OBJECTIVE This small pilot study aimed to confirm the efficacy of CQR-300 in reducing the percentage body fat measured using two different methods-bioelectrical impedance assay versus dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). DESIGN The study was an 8-week double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial on 67 individuals who were requested by a dietary counselor to maintain their normal exercise and dietary routines. Participants were randomly divided into two groups, placebo (32 participants) and the CQR-300 group (35 participants), and received 300 mg of corn starch or CQR-300 daily. METHODS Body fat was measured by bioelectrical impedance using a TANITA impedance meter and by DEXA, with blood samples taken at baseline and at 8 weeks for the measurement of lipid parameters. RESULTS After 8 weeks of treatment, participants of the placebo group showed a 1.05% decrease in body fat as determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis, but no difference using DEXA. In the same time period, the CQR-300 group had an 8.9% and 12.8% decreases in the body fat as measured by impedance and DEXA, respectively. These values were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the placebo. Compared with the placebo, the CQR-300 group demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the waist and hip circumferences, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, as well as leptin levels. On the contrary, there were significant (p < 0.05) increases in HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin levels. CONCLUSION CQR-300 administered as a single 300 mg dose daily was effective in reducing body fat as well as improving blood parameters associated with MS.
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Prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in Bangladeshi university students: A cross-sectional study.
Zamsad, M, Banik, S, Ghosh, L
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;(1):480-483
Abstract
AIM: A sustained economic growth in Bangladesh leading to nutrition transition with negative impact on health followed to sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. Therefore, the study objective was to examine the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity among Bangladeshi university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study in Bangladeshi university students was conducted in December 2016 to April 2017. Randomly selected participants, aged 18-25 years were analyzed from three specific universities as per gender variation. The height and waist-circumference were measured using measuring tape and weight by personal weight scale. RESULTS Total samples 500, 64.6% (n = 323) were males, 34.5% (n = 117) were females and mean age (standard deviation) was 21.76 (1.86) years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity (14.86% vs. 11.86%) were significantly 1.29-fold higher in males than females (OR: 1.29, 95%CI: 0.75-2.25, p < 0.001). Mean waist-circumference was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in males than females, but the waist-to height ratio (WHtR) was higher in females than in males (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We conclude that the prevalence of overweight and obesity is significantly higher in male students than female university students of Bangladesh because of girls were so much concerned their physical appearance and wish a slim body than boys. However, future study and public health efforts are necessary to address complications of obesity problem and to promote active lifestyles.
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Effect of a weight-loss stabilization following a weight reduction with or without meal replacement on cardiometabolic risk in overweight women. A randomized controlled trial.
Armborst, D, Metzner, C, Bitterlich, N, Lemperle, M, Siener, R
International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2019;(4):453-466
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of a 3-month weight-loss-stabilization phase (phase 2) following a successful 3-month weight-loss phase (phase 1), including a conventional energy-restricted diet with (MR) or without (C) meal replacement, on the cardiometabolic risk profile in 80 overweight women. In phase 2, both groups continued to significantly reduce weight and sustained the significant decreases in waist circumference and LDL-C. During the study, folic acid concentration significantly increased in the MR-group, while homocysteine concentration significantly worsened in the C-group. After 6 months, the number of women with hypertriglyceridemic waist was significantly reduced in both the groups, however with metabolic syndrome and metabolically unhealthy abdominal obesity (MUHAO) only in the MR-group. In conclusion, both strategies were equally effective for weight loss and weight-loss stabilization. The micronutrient supplementation with MR seemed to have an additional beneficial impact on the cardiometabolic risk in the MR-group versus the C-group.