0
selected
-
1.
A Narrative Review of Nutritional Malpractices, Motivational Drivers, and Consequences in Pregnant Women: Evidence from Recent Literature and Program Implications in Ethiopia.
Kibr, G
TheScientificWorldJournal. 2021;:5580039
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is very important for the wellbeing of pregnant women, childbirth, and lactating women, which are crucial and meant for the wellbeing of a mother and newborn baby. This narrative review discusses nutritional malpractices, motivational drivers, and their consequences typically from Ethiopian pregnant women's context. Different studies (regarding less of study design and type) done among pregnant women (aged 15-49 years) by considering pregnancy-related outcomes and timing of nutritional malpractices were included mostly. Accordingly, taboos of healthy diets, craving for unhealthy foods (sweet, fat, raw, and salty/spicy foods), and nonfood items (soil, coffee residue, stone, and ash) were practiced majorly by the women. The birth difficulty, fetal head plastering, fetus discoloration, fetus burns, abortion, and abdominal cramp are the primary drivers of taboos of healthy diets. Hormonal change and social and nutrient-seeking behavior are the most prevalent drivers to the consumption of unhealthy foods. Additionally, personal interest, flavor, and color of items are important motivators to practice pica. Such pica practice hurts nutrient intake, absorption of iron/zinc, abdominal health, and diarrhea occurrence. Food taboos are high predictors of health disorders, such as intrauterine growth restriction, infection, bleeding, preeclampsia, stillbirth, early birth, low birth weight, retarded development of cognitive, and anemia. Craving and eating unhealthy foods were interconnected with chronic disease development (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer), discomforts, preterm labor, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction in women. Additionally, it is also associated with stillbirth, low birth weight, obesity, birth defect/deficit, hypertension, cancer, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, renal disease, decreased fetal growth, behavioral change, heart failure, and poor cognitive development in the infant. Overall, these nutritional malpractices are significantly associated with many argumentative pregnancies as well as developmental consequences leading to the direction of infant and maternal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, urgent implementation of health and nutrition education programs considering food misconceptions and beliefs regarding pregnancy and use of ground-breaking ways to play down the negative and maximize potential positive dietary effects designed by the government of Ethiopia could also serve as a long-term solution to the problem.
-
2.
Angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4 in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and malnutrition: the effect of weight reduction and realimentation.
Cinkajzlová, A, Mráz, M, Lacinová, Z, Kloučková, J, Kaválková, P, Kratochvílová, H, Trachta, P, Křížová, J, Haluzíková, D, Škrha, J, et al
Nutrition & diabetes. 2018;(1):21
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs) 3 and 4 are circulating factors that participate in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We measured serum ANGPTL3 and 4 levels in 23 patients with obesity, 40 patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 22 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), 15 subjects undergoing 72-h fasting, and 12 patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS), and their changes after very-low-calorie diet (VLCD), bariatric surgery, partial realimentation, acute fasting, and parenteral nutrition in order to assess their possible role in metabolic regulations. RESULTS Serum ANGPTL4 levels were higher in obese subjects without/with T2DM (94.50 ± 9.51 and 134.19 ± 7.69 vs. 50.34 ± 4.22 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and lower in subjects with AN relative to healthy control subjects (38.22 ± 4.48 vs. 65.80 ± 7.98 ng/ml, p = 0.002), while serum ANGPTL3 levels demonstrated inverse tendency. Nutritional status had no effect on ANGPTL3 and 4 mRNA expression in adipose tissue. Fasting decreased ANGPTL3 and increased ANGPTL4 levels, while VLCD reduced only ANGPTL3. Bariatric surgery and realimentation of AN or SBS patients had no effect on either ANGPTL. Multiple regression analysis identified BMI as an independent predictor of ANGPTL3; and BMI and HbA1c as independent predictors of ANGPTL4, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data suggest that serum ANGPTL3 and 4 levels are influenced by nutritional status and fasting and could be involved in the metabolic disturbances present in obesity and AN.
-
3.
Fetal programming of the metabolic syndrome.
Marciniak, A, Patro-Małysza, J, Kimber-Trojnar, Ż, Marciniak, B, Oleszczuk, J, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak, B
Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology. 2017;(2):133-138
Abstract
Prenatal development is currently recognized as a critical period in the etiology of human diseases. This is particularly so when an unfavorable environment interacts with a genetic predisposition. The fetal programming concept suggests that maternal nutritional imbalance and metabolic disturbances may have a persistent and intergenerational effect on the health of offspring and on the risk of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
-
4.
Hematological disorders following gastric bypass surgery: emerging concepts of the interplay between nutritional deficiency and inflammation.
Chen, M, Krishnamurthy, A, Mohamed, AR, Green, R
BioMed research international. 2013;:205467
Abstract
Obesity and the associated metabolic syndrome are among the most common and detrimental metabolic diseases of the modern era, affecting over 50% of the adult population in the United States. Surgeries designed to promote weight loss, known as bariatric surgery, typically involve a gastric bypass procedure and have shown high success rates for treating morbid obesity. However, following gastric bypass surgery, many patients develop chronic anemia, most commonly due to iron deficiency. Deficiencies of vitamins B1, B12, folate, A, K, D, and E and copper have also been reported after surgery. Copper deficiency can cause hematological abnormalities with or without neurological complications. Despite oral supplementation and normal serum concentrations of iron, copper, folate, and vitamin B12, some patients present with persistent anemia after surgery. The evaluation of hematologic disorders after gastric bypass surgery must take into account issues unique to the postsurgery setting that influence the development of anemia and other cytopenias. In this paper, the clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of the hematological disorders associated with gastric bypass surgery are reviewed, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are discussed.
-
5.
Chronic kidney disease as a metabolic syndrome with malnutrition--need for strict control of risk factors.
Shoji, T, Nishizawa, Y
Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan). 2005;(3):179-87
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk for death from cardiovascular disease (CVD). They have multiple metabolic abnormalities that may accelerate atherosclerosis, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, along with other CKD-related risk factors. In addition, a considerable proportion of patients with advanced stages of CKD are malnourished, presenting "metabolic syndrome with malnutrition". The presence of malnutrition/inflammation dramatically changes the apparent relationship between CVD death risk and some risk factors. For example, in stage 5 CKD patients on hemodialysis, a higher body mass index and a higher plasma cholesterol are predictors of better survival. To understand the paradoxic epidemiology, we should recognize risk factors for occurrence of CVD events and risk factors of fatality after an event. In this article, we review the unique situation of CKD, emphasizing the need of more strict control of both types of risk factors to improve survival of CKD patients.