1.
Crosstalk between core-multishell nanocarriers for cutaneous drug delivery and antigen-presenting cells of the skin.
Edlich, A, Volz, P, Brodwolf, R, Unbehauen, M, Mundhenk, L, Gruber, AD, Hedtrich, S, Haag, R, Alexiev, U, Kleuser, B
Biomaterials. 2018;:60-70
Abstract
Owing their unique chemical and physical properties core-multishell (CMS) nanocarriers are thought to underlie their exploitable biomedical use for a topical treatment of skin diseases. This highlights the need to consider not only the efficacy of CMS nanocarriers but also the potentially unpredictable and adverse consequences of their exposure thereto. As CMS nanocarriers are able to penetrate into viable layers of normal and stripped human skin ex vivo as well as in in vitro skin disease models the understanding of nanoparticle crosstalk with components of the immune system requires thorough investigation. Our studies highlight the biocompatible properties of CMS nanocarriers on Langerhans cells of the skin as they did neither induce cytotoxicity and genotoxicity nor cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) or an immunological response. Nevertheless, CMS nanocarriers were efficiently taken up by Langerhans cells via divergent endocytic pathways. Bioimaging of CMS nanocarriers by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and flow cytometry indicated not only a localization within the lysosomes but also an energy-dependent exocytosis of unmodified CMS nanocarriers into the extracellular environment.
2.
An Appraisal on Various Methods of Nano Particulate Formulations.
Dhiman, B, Divtrannum, , Dhiman, A, Saini, S
Pharmaceutical nanotechnology. 2017;(4):255-262
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology has immense significance in the field of medicine, agriculture, business, public health sector due to wide applicability of the nano products. Basically, nanotechnology is the incorporation of nanoscale structures into larger material components to improve the properties of constructed system. METHOD Nanotechnology serves as an alternative drug delivery system to the liposomes drug delivery system as the stability of the product in biological fluids is the main problem associated with the liposomal drug delivery system. In the present review, nanoparticles, their applications, various techniques of preparation of nanoparticles and research update on nano particulate drug delivery system have been discussed. RESULTS The main complication associated with biodegradable polymer is uncertainty in their absorption pathway in gastrointestinal tract. Sometimes, harmful by-products after metabolism are released. However, the polymeric nanoparticles (synthetic or semi-synthetic) have a defined structure therefore; get absorbed in intact form in gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSION Nano-particulate drug delivery system using natural/synthetic polymer may enhance the therapeutic activity of some anti-cancer drug by increasing the host's immune mechanism and antitumor role through improving the body's immune function. It has been observed that despite the technological challenges, nanoparticulate drug delivery system is the most promising drug delivery system in case of anticancer drugs because polymer based nanostructures enhance the bio-adhesiveness and as well as local accumulation of chemotherapeutic agent.