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Development of a subset of ICNP Nursing Diagnoses for the promotion of self-care in people with diabetes mellitus: a multi-center observational study.
Bezze, S, Ausili, D, Erba, I, Redini, S, Re, S, Di Mauro, S
Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita. 2020;(1):38-49
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-care is a key for people with diabetes mellitus (DM) to avoid severe complications and to maintain quality of life. Person-centered and accurate nursing care plans can help nurses to deliver effective self-care promotion interventions. Few studies focused on nursing diagnoses that are specific for diabetes self-care education, and none of them used the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP). International Catalogues of ICNP nursing diagnoses are missing in this field. AIMS To identify the ICNP nursing diagnoses that are useful to promote self-care in people with DM; to describe the prevalence of ICNP nursing diagnoses in self-care of people with DM. METHODS A subset of 55 ICNP nursing diagnoses was developed based on the Middle Range Theory of Self-care of Chronic Illness, and most recent diabetes clinical guidelines. Then, the subset was tested through a multicenter cross-sectional design involving a consecutive sample of 170 adults with confirmed diagnosis of Type 1 or Type 2 DM. Data were collected by medical records, physical examinations and semi-structured interviews. RESULTS 1343 nursing diagnoses were identified, with an average of 8 nursing diagnoses per patient. The 100% of the nursing diagnoses were described using the pre-developed subset. Overall, the five prevalent nursing diagnoses were: Body weight problem (56.4%), Non adherence to immunization regime (53.5%), Conflicting attitude toward dietary regime (41.7%), Impaired weight monitoring (39.4%), and Lack of knowledge about blood glucose diagnostic test result (32.3%). Nursing diagnoses by self-care maintenance, monitoring and management were also described. CONCLUSIONS A huge amount of nursing diagnoses was identified suggesting the need of intensive education. Clinicians and administrators can use this subset to improve the accuracy of the documentation of diabetes care. In Public Health, the subset can be used to assess the cost-effectiveness of diabetes healthcare services. Future research is needed to assess the effectiveness of this subset in settings that are different from the one where it was developed. Finally, this subset could be a starting point to develop and International ICNP Catalogue for diabetes care.
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Systematic review of the effectiveness of mass media interventions for child survival in low- and middle-income countries.
Naugle, DA, Hornik, RC
Journal of health communication. 2014;(sup1):190-215
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Abstract
Through a systematic review of the literature, this article summarizes and evaluates evidence for the effectiveness of mass media interventions for child survival. To be included, studies had to describe a mass media intervention; address a child survival health topic; present quantitative data from a low- or middle-income country; use an evaluation design that compared outcomes using pre- and postintervention data, treatment versus comparison groups, or postintervention data across levels of exposure; and report a behavioral or health outcome. The 111 campaign evaluations that met the inclusion criteria included 15 diarrheal disease, 8 immunization, 2 malaria, 14 nutrition, 1 preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, 4 respiratory disease, and 67 reproductive health interventions. These evaluations were then sorted into weak (n = 33), moderate (n = 32), and stronger evaluations (n = 46) on the basis of the sampling method, the evaluation design, and efforts to address threats to inference of mass media effects. The moderate and stronger evaluations provide evidence that mass media-centric campaigns can positively impact a wide range of child survival health behaviors.